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Lipids > Simple FA and sterols > Flashcards

Simple FA and sterols Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Of pharmaceutic & purified quality

A

STEARIC ACID

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2
Q

STEARIC ACID: pharmaceutic quality

A

40% stearic acid and nlt 40% palmitic acid

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3
Q

STEARIC ACID: purified quality

A

90% stearic acid

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4
Q

Derivatives of stearic acid: lubricants

A

Ca and Mg stearates

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5
Q

Derivatives of stearic acid: dusting powder

A

Zn stearate

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6
Q

Derivatives of stearic acid: emulsifying and stiffening agent

A

Na stearate

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7
Q

Derivatives of stearic acid: suspending agent

A

Aluminum monostearate

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8
Q

Derivatives of stearic acid: emulsifying agents

A

Glyceryl & propylene glycol monostearates

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9
Q

Unsaturated octadecanoic acid (at C9)

A

OLEIC ACID

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10
Q

Often obtained as by-product in production of stearic acid

A

OLEIC ACID

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11
Q

OLEIC ACID is often obtained as by-product in production of ?

A

stearic acid

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12
Q

Gradually absorbs oxygen and darkens when exposed to air (due to its unsaturation)

A

OLEIC ACID

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13
Q

Use - oleic acid

A

Emulsion adjunct

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14
Q

Derivatives of oleic acid: vehicle (and less greasy)

A

Ethyl oleate

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15
Q

Derivatives of oleic acid: emollient and emulsifying agent

A

Oleyl alcohol

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16
Q

Essential fatty acids

A

VITAMIN F

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17
Q

Cons - VITAMIN F

A

Linoleic (n-6) and alpha-linolenic (n-3) acids

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18
Q

Humans lack the __ enzymes needed to convert __ to __ & __

A

desaturase enzymes needed to convert oleic acid to linoleic & linolenic

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19
Q

Delta notation - oleic acid

A

C18:1 Δ9

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20
Q

Delta notation - Linoleic acid

A

C18:2 Δ9,12

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21
Q

Delta notation - Linolenic acid (alpha)

A

C18:3 Δ9,12,15

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22
Q

Delta notation - Arachidonic acid

A

C20:4 Δ5,8,11,14

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23
Q

Delta notation - Timonodonic acid/EPA

A

C20:5 Δ5,8,11,14,17

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24
Q

Delta notation - Cervonic acid/DHA

A

C22:6 Δ4,7,10,13,16,19

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25
Precursor of eicosanoid autacoids
Arachidonic acid
26
animal fatty acids that are said to reduce cardiovascular risk
Omega-3-fatty acids
27
2 Omega-3-fatty acids
Timonodonic acid/EPA (eicosapentanoic acid) Cervonic acid/DHA (docosahexanoic acid)
28
Essential FA that is the precursor of inflammatory agents
Linolenic acid (alpha)
29
Direct precursor of prostaglandins and inflammatory agents
Arachidonic acid
30
Eicosanoids are __ derivatives of __
C20, arachidonic acid
31
__ are C20 derivatives of arachidonic acid
Eicosanoids
32
Involves COX and LOX enzymes
Eicosanoids
33
well-known targets of all NSAID drugs
COX and prostaglandin function
34
COX and prostaglandin function are the well-known targets of all ?
NSAID drugs
35
LOX and leukotriene function are the well-known targets of some ? Give examples
back-up asthma drugs (ex. zileuton, montelukast)
36
well-known targets of some back-up asthma drugs (ex. zileuton, montelukast)
LOX and leukotriene function
37
Involved in platelet aggregation, pain and inflammation
PROSTAGLANDINS
38
4 major classes: Prostaglandins
Prostaglandins A, B, E and F
39
Prostaglandins are involved in? (3)
platelet aggregation, pain and inflammation
40
Key examples Prostaglandins: Vasodilator, antiplatelet and uterine relaxant
Alprostadil (PGE1 analog)
41
Key examples Prostaglandins: PGE1 analogs
Alprostadil, Misoprostol
42
Key examples Prostaglandins: Maintains oxygenation in babies with patent ductus arteriosus
Alprostadil (PGE1 analog)
43
Key examples Prostaglandins: uses of alprostadil (4)
Vasodilator, antiplatelet and uterine relaxant Maintains oxygenation in babies with patent ductus arteriosus
44
Key examples Prostaglandins: Prostaglandin analog used for treatment of NSAID-induced ulcers
Misoprostol (another PGE1 analog)
45
Key examples Prostaglandins: Banned in some countries due to its off-label abortifacient use
Misoprostol (another PGE1 analog)
46
Key examples Prostaglandins: uses of misoprostol
treatment of NSAID-induced ulcers, abortifacient
47
Key examples Prostaglandins: Uterine stimulant; inactivated in the lungs
PGF2α (Dinoprost)
48
Key examples Prostaglandins: for termination of second trimester pregnancy
PGF2α (Dinoprost), 15-methyl PGF2α (Carboprost)
49
Key examples Prostaglandins: use of dinoprost
Uterine stimulant; termination of second trimester pregnancy
50
Key examples Prostaglandins: ADRs of dinoprost
extension of contractile effect (GI muscle) vomiting, diarrhea, increased BP
51
Key examples Prostaglandins: Uterine stimulant; given deep IM
15-methyl PGF2α (Carboprost)
52
Key examples Prostaglandins: use of carboprost
Uterine stimulant; given deep IM Used for termination of second trimester pregnancy
53
Linoleic gives rise to ? which gives rise to ?
Arachidonic, eicosanoids
54
Linolenic gives rise to ?
OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS
55
OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS reduces?
CV events
56
ethyl ester form of omega-3 FA EPA that reduces CV events
Icosapent ethyl
57
Omega-3 FA that serves as substrate that resolves inflammation
EPA
58
2 CASTOR-DERIVED ACIDS
Undecylenic acid Azelaic acid
59
CDA: Prepared by pyrolysis of ricinoleic acid
Undecylenic acid
60
Undecylenic acid is p repared by __ of __
pyrolysis of ricinoleic acid
61
CDA: has antifungal properties
Undecylenic acid
62
CDA: Undecylenic acid derivatives used in topical formulations
Caprylate and propionate salts
63
CDA: antifungal (but not related to castor); MoA dependent on release of __
Glyceryl triacetate, acetic acid
64
CDA: Prepared by ozonolysis of ricinoleic acid, or isolated from Malassezia furfur
Azelaic acid
65
CDA: Azelaic acid is prepared by _ of _ (or isolated from _)
ozonolysis of ricinoleic acid (or isolated from Malassezia furfur)
66
CDA: Has anti-acne properties
Azelaic acid

Lipids (5 decks)

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