simple inheritance Flashcards
understand the difference between dominant and recessive traits, and genotype and phenotype (8 cards)
1
Q
what is an allele?
A
different versions of a gene
2
Q
what is a homologous pair?
A
a pair of chromosomes, one from each parent, that are similar in shape and size and carry genes for the same trait
3
Q
explain dominant traits
A
- expressed when at least one copy of the gene is present
- represented by a capital letter
- dominant traits mask recessive traits
4
Q
explain recessive traits
A
- only expressed if both copies of the gene are the same
- represented by a lower case
- recessive trait is hidden if a dominant allele is present
5
Q
what is phenotype?
A
physical traits of an organism that you can see eg. hair colour
6
Q
what is genotype?
A
genetic combination that determines the trait
7
Q
what is homozygous?
A
2 identical alleles
8
Q
what is heterozygous?
A
2 different alleles
