Sites

Question 1

What are the S. African cave complexes

Answer 1

Tuang, Sterkfontein, Makapan, Swartskrans

Question 2

What is Dolomite

Answer 2

Limestone like rock

Question 3

What is Breccia

Answer 3

Dead fragments cemented into Dolomite

Question 4

What was discovered in Tuang

Answer 4

Dart discovered Tuang child skull-A. Africanus

Question 5

What was Dart’s incorrect hypothesis

Answer 5

Osteodontokeratic hypothesis-ancient homonids used prey’s bones as tools, and were incredibly vicious and savage

Question 6

What was Dart’s thoughts on ancient life

Answer 6

Incredibly savage beings who lived in caves (WRONG)

Question 7

How was the Tuang baby killed

Answer 7

Eagle punctured his skull

Question 8

How did the bones end up in caves

Answer 8

Hyenas, Jaguars, other predators dragged remains into there

Question 9

What defined the first Australopithecine

Answer 9

Bipedality first seen in A. Afarensis

Question 10

MNI?

Answer 10

Minimum number of individuals. Based of mono bones such as mandible, L or R pacific bones.

Question 10

How did bipedality change bone structure

Answer 10

Hips widened, femur shortened + thickened, Craniovertebral junction moved to bottom of skull

Question 11

Olduvai Gorge

Answer 11

Tanzania, evidence dates 2mya, Oldowan tools, cut bones, large mammal remains

Question 12

Little Volcanic site

Answer 12

Near Tanzania, ash on ground captured and then fossilized footsteps of Astralopithecis

Question 13

Koobi Fora

Answer 13

Kenya, dates back 1.9mya, scavenging and hunting behaviors seen, large game found. 1.5mya potential fire use, probably bush fire

Question 14

Hadska

Answer 14

Ethiopia, dates to 3.2mya, early hominid tools, large herbivore bones-meat processing

Question 15

Makapansgat

Answer 15

South African valley where a rock was found to be 2.6-3 mya, etched into an australipithacus face

Question 16

FLK (frida leakey korongo)

Answer 16

site inE. Africa where tools and A. Boisei were found. 1-1.8mya. Also showed evidence of human cooperation

Question 17

Ubeidiya

Answer 17

Modern Israel 1.4 mya. Has both oldowan and acheulean tools(proves migration)

Question 18

Dmanise

Answer 18

Modern Georgia. 1.8 mya. Evidence shows large sexual dimporphism(primitive H. Erectus)

Question 19

Nihewan Basin

Answer 19

W. Beijing 1.6mya. lack of acheulean tools shows patterns of early homo bases

Question 20

Zhoukoudian

Answer 20

China, 500-200kya, MNI of 40 H. Erectus, hearths!

Question 21

Torralba/ Ambrona

Answer 21

Spain 400k ago, acheulean and burned wood. Elephant bones in swamps

Question 22

Shanidar Cave

Answer 22

Iraq. 9 Neanderthal remains with flowers buried with them

Question 23

Portugal??

Answer 23

Shows use of fish and fauna for Neanderthal food

Question 24

Skhul Cave

Answer 24

92k ago. evidence of h. sapiens out of Africa

Question 25

Multiregional theory

Answer 25

all homo's evolved into h. sapiens through gene flow sin separate regions

Question 26

Out of Africa theory

Answer 26

mitochondrial DNA evidence to back this up from 250k years ago

Question 27

Le Solutre

Answer 27

French site where horse families were found hunted by humans-100k MNI

Question 28

Mezhirich Ukraine

Answer 28

Used mammoth bones to create huts

Question 29

Dolni Vestonice, Czech Republic...Willendorf...Brassemouy...Chauvet...Lascaux

Answer 29

all within the last 30k years, advanced art found by ancient people

Question 30

Routes out of Africa

Answer 30

Levant(Middle East), Southern (Coast of arabia into SE Asia), Northern(Up into Europe then americas)

Question 31

Qafzeh

Answer 31

Israel, early AMH's and burial practices

Question 32

Herto

Answer 32

Ethiopia 160kya, modern features found in older fossils

Question 33

Jebel Irhoud

Answer 33

Morocco, early signs of society and modernity 300kya