Situation Of Elizabeth’s Accession

Question 1

Law and order were based on equality/inequality?

Answer 1

Inequality,
wherever you were in Elizabethan society, you owed respect and obedience to those above you and had a duty of care to those below you.

Question 2

What part of Elizabeth’s reign are we studying ?

Answer 2

1558-1588

Question 3

Put in order of social hierarchy
Top to bottom
Gentry
Monarch
Nobility
Tenant farmers
Yeomen

Answer 3

Monarch
Nobility
Gentry
Yeomen
Tenant farmers

Question 4

Put in order of social hierarchy of town
Top to bottom
Unskilled workers
Merchants
Skilled craftsmen (tailors, carpenters)
Professionals (lawyers, doctors, teachers)
Unemployed

Answer 4

Merchants
Professionals
Skilled craftsmen
Unskilled workers
Unemployed

Question 5

What was the hierarchy at homes?

Answer 5

It was a patriarchal society, the husband and father were head of the household. The wife, costed and servants were expected to be obedient.

Question 6

Who were the Yeomen?

Answer 6

Owned small land/estate

Question 7

Who were the tenant farmers?

Answer 7

Rented land

Question 8

Elizabethan government:
What was the court?

Answer 8

A body of people who lived in or near the same palace as the monarch. The court was mostly made up of members of the nobility. Attending court required monarch’s permission.

Question 9

Elizabethan government:
What was the role of the court?

Answer 9

-to entertain and advice monarch
-a public display of wealth and power
-courtiers has influence with the monarch rather than actual power

Question 10

Elizabethan government:
What was the privy council?

Answer 10

Made up of leading couriers and advisers, as well as nobles and very senior government officials, like Sir William Cecil. The members were chosen by Monarch (approximately 19)

Question 11

Elizabethan government:
What was the role of the privy council?

Answer 11

-debate current issues and advice monarch of government policy
-make sure monarch’s decisions were carried out
-oversaw law and order, local government and security of England
-moniter JPs And proceedings of parliament

Question 12

Elizabethan government:
What was the Parliament? (Think about today mixed with pre 1918)

Answer 12

Made up of the House of Lords (including bishops) and the House of Commons
Elections were held before each new parliament, but very few could vote

Question 13

Elizabethan government:
What was the parliament’s role?

Answer 13

-grant extraordinary taxation (to pay for unexpected expenses eg war) think Charles II
-passed laws (acts of Parliament)
-offered advice to monarch

Question 14

Elizabethan government:
What was the Lord Lieutenant?

Answer 14

Each county had one chosen by the monarch
Members of nobility
Often on privy council
Maintain England’s power and defences

Question 15

Elizabethan government:
What was the Lord Lieutenant’s role?

Answer 15

-raising and training local militia and overseeing county defenses.
-oversaw enforcement of policies
-part of local government

Question 16

What was the militia?

Answer 16

Military force of ordinary people, usually raised in emergency

Question 17

Elizabethan government:
What was the Justice of the Peace (JPs)?

Answer 17

Large landowners who kept law and order in their local areas
Unpaid and reported to the privy council
A position of status, popular job

Question 18

Elizabethan government:
What was the Justice of the Peace’s role (JPs)?

Answer 18

-make sure social and economic policies were carried out
-heard County court cases every 3 months for more serious crimes
-part of local government

Question 19

Word for monarchs believing they had a right to rule ‘By the grace of God’

Answer 19

The divine right

Question 20

What rights did Elizabeth have as a monarch? (State 2)

Answer 20

• declare war and make peace
  -call and dismiss Parliament, agree or reject
  -rule in some legal cases
  -grant titles, land, money, and jobs

Question 21

To provide someone with an important job/position is known as

Answer 21

Patronage
—————
Effective way of getting support and control
She could also take away what she gave

Question 22

The __________ was the ultimate patron

Answer 22

Queen

Question 23

What is the most important Privy councillor?

Answer 23

Secretary of State

Question 24

Who was the Secretary of State? Try to give extra detail

Answer 24

Sir William Cecil
Till 1573
Later raised to nobility -> Lord Burghley

Question 25

Could the Parliament vote against the monarch?

Answer 25

Yes However, this rarely happened

Question 26

What was the royal prerogative? Add examples

Answer 26

Some areas only the monarch has a right to decide upon -foreign policy -marriage -succession

Question 27

What were the three hierarchies?

Answer 27

Gender Class Religion

Question 28

T/F Most people lived in the cities

Answer 28

False, most lived in the countryside (before industrial revolution)

Question 29

Live expectancy was ____ 39/42/45/59

Answer 29

42 (but lower among urban poor)

Question 30

The country follows the religion of the monarch, what religion was England during Mary’s reign? Why was this a problem for Elizabeth?

Answer 30

Catholic Elizabeth was Protestant so the country had to change their religion again Furthermore, many people still follows Catholicism in secret

Question 31

What problems did the ‘Virgin Queen’ face when she came to the throne?

Answer 31

Legitimacy Gender and marriage Financial weakness Threats from aboard

Question 32

Why was Legitimacy a problem for Elizabeth I?

Answer 32

Not possible to inherit if they were born in wedlock Committed Catholics refuse to acknowledge Henry’s divorce because pope hasn’t agreed to it Soo Elizabeth wasn’t considered legitimate Furthermore, 1536 when Anne Boleyn was executed for treason and annulled their marriage, Henry VIII declared Elizabeth illegitimate and excluded her from succession He later reversed this decision

Question 33

Why was Gender a problem for Elizabeth I?

Answer 33

-Christian religion taught that women were meant to be under the authority of men -they thought women weren’t capable of ruling This was emphasised by Mary’s rule which hasn’t gone well Finances were poor Unpopular marriage to Phillip II Mary was unpopular for burning 300 people for religion Lost war against France

Question 34

Why was Marriage a problem for Elizabeth I?

Answer 34

-having children would ensue England’s stability -Elizabeth I would be sidelined (meant to be obedient) -could only marry a foreign prince and he’ll put Englands needs second -rejected people such as Phillip II, king Eric of Sweden, Duke of Alençon

Question 35

Why was Finance a problem for Elizabeth I?

Answer 35

When Elizabeth took the throne, the brown was £300 000 in debt, which was huge in 1558. In contrast, the total annual income was £286,667 To be strong, Elizabeth had to be wealthy

Question 36

Why were Threats from aboard a problem for Elizabeth I?

Answer 36

France was wealthier and larger pop Mary was her second cousin and had a strong claim to the English throne Declared herself the legitimate heir after Mary I’s death Possibility that France and Spain will unite against England

Question 37

What age was Elizabeth when Anne Boleyn was beheaded?

Answer 37

3 years old

Question 38

What was the annual income of the crown?

Answer 38

286,667

Question 39

What was the debt of the crown?

Answer 39

300,000