Skeletal Flashcards
(18 cards)
Function of cartilage
Protects bone from friction
Ball & socket joint
Joint can rotate 360 degrees
Both ball & socket are covered by cartilage
Between the bones & joint there is synovial fluid
Where are ball & socket joints found?
Hips & shoulder
Pivot Joint
Bones rotate around each other 360 degrees
Neck does not rotate fully
Bones are covered by cartilage
Where is a pivot joint found?
Neck
Hinge joints
Work like a lever
180 degree movement
Where are hinge joints?
Knee & elbow
Example of condyloid joint?
Wrist
Function of synovial fluid
Acts as a lubricant and shock absorber.
Function of the synovial capsule
Holds the bones in position and produces synovial fluid
Function of tendons
Connects muscle to bones
Not elastic so muscle can pull up on a bone
Function of ligaments
Connects bone to bone
Holds bone in position
Elastic & stretchy to allow movement
Function of the musculoskeletal system (4)
Protection
Movement
Support: hold organs in place & maintains posture
Blood Production:
WBC & RBC produced in the bone marrow
How do bones develop through life?
In the womb the skeleton is made of cartilage
Collagen & chondrin remain in the bone after birth = elasticity
Osteoblasts invade the cartilage and deposit minerals
Osteoblasts turn into osteocytes and help to keep the bone in shape
Osteoclasts remove bone
Osteoclasts and osteoblasts work together and oestrogen promotes activity of osteoblasts
But menopause causes activity to increase from osteoclasts
What does antagonistic muscle pairs mean?
Skeletal muscles work opposite each other in pairs.
What does the agonist muscle do
Contract
What does the antagonistic muscle do?
Relaxes
Action of actin & myosin
Myosin and actin slide over each other to shorten the muscle fibres
Muscle fibres contracts
Pulling force in the opposite direction is needed to increase the length of the muscle
