Skeletal Anatomy Flashcards
(59 cards)
The central axis consists of what skeletal components?
Skull Sternum Ribs Cartilage Vertebrae Sacrum
What is a fossa/sulcus?
Hollow in bone.
What is a facet?
Dip where two bones meet.
What are the function of flat bones within the skull?
Two layers of compact bone for ‘crumple zone’ (formed by spongy).
Where is the frontal bone located in the cranium?
Forehead, superior surface of the oribits (eye sockets).
Where is the parietal bone located in the cranium?
Sides/roof of cranium, do not form base of cranium.
Where is the temporal bone located in the cranium?
Side/base of cranium, inner ear structures.
Where is the occipital bone located in the cranium?
Foramen magnum (large hole in base for passage of spinal cord).
Where is the sphenoid bone located in the cranium?
Bridge between cranial and facial bones.
Where is the ethmoid bone located in the cranium?
Cribriform plate (nasal cavity, holes for olfactory nerves), nasal septum.
Where is the maxillary bone located in the face?
Upper jaw, surrounds nasal cavity.
Where is the zygomatic bones located in the face?
Lateral to maxilla, cheekbones, arch with temporal bones.
Where is the mandible bone located in the face?
Lower jaw, supports teeth, freely moveable.
Where is the nasal bones located in the face?
Form nasal bridge
Where is the nasal conchae located in the face?
Extends into nasal cavity, has mucus membranes.
Where is the nasal septum located and what bones does it fuse with?
Division between two sides of nose, forms part of ethmoid bone and vomer
What is the role of the paranasal sinuses?
Resonance for sound/voice, makes bones hollow and lighter.
What are the four paranasal sinuses?
- Frontal sinus
- Ethmoid sinus
- Sphenoidal sinus
- Maxillary sinus
What are fontanels?
Cartilage which allows flat bones to continue growing.
- Intramembranous ossification
What are the functions of the vertebral column?
- Support - curves help alignment of weight.
- Protects spinal cord.
- Posture - allows for twisting of trunk.
The vertebral column consists of 26 bones, how are these divided?
7 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar sacrum (fused bones, forms pelvis) coccyx
What is the functions of the ‘body’ in the vertebral column?
Weight bearing, articulates with bodies, separated by intervertebral discs.
What is the functions of the ‘arch’ in the vertebral column?
Extends posteriorly, has a pedicle, lamina, surrounds foramen (protects spinal cord).
What is the function of the ‘spinous process’ in the vertebral column?
Muscle attachment.
