Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function Flashcards Preview

Musculoskeletal System > Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function > Flashcards

Flashcards in Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function Deck (12)
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1
Q

What are the 4 main functions of muscle?

A

4 functions – Movement, Posture, Joint stability and Heat generation.

2
Q

What are the 3 different arrangements of muscle?

A

3 different arrangements – circular such as sphincters, parallel (standard) and Pennate where the muscle branches off an aponeurosis.

3
Q

What does compartment syndrome occur and how is it treated?

A

Muscles are compartmentalised in fascia this can result in compartment syndrome – treated with a fasciotomy and a skin graft.

4
Q

What 5 different roles can muscles have?

A

Muscles can have 5 different roles, Agonists, Antagonists, Synergists (assist the movement of an agonist), Neutralisers (prevent unwanted movement) and Fixators (fix something in position whilst something else moves).

5
Q

Define and describe the different ways in which muscles can contract

A

Muscles contract in different ways – Isotonic contraction involving length change (concentric and eccentric) and Isometric contraction involving no length change.

6
Q

What are the 3 different types of muscle fibres?

A

3 type of muscle Slow oxidative (type I), Fast oxidative (Type IIA) and Fast glycolytic (type IIX).

7
Q

How is proprioception achieved in muscle

A

Specialised intrafusal fibres covered in collagen fibres which are for proprioception by detecting the rate of change of muscle length and feeding this to the brain.

8
Q

What order are different muscle types recruited in?

A

Order of recruitment of muscles = type I, type IIA then type IIX.

9
Q

What is tetanus?

A

Tetanus is the limit at which action potentials going to a muscle collate together.

10
Q

Do your muscles ever fully relax?

A

Healthy muscle always has tone, Hypotonia means no muscle tone and is normal in REM sleep.

11
Q

What is special about the movement of Cl- across the membrane in muscle cells?

A

Skeletal muscle has lots of leaky Cl- channels so low resting potential which is important for repolarisation after the contraction.

12
Q

What is Myotonia Congenita?

A

Myotonia Congenita is a disease of stiff muscle resulting from mutated Cl channels.