Skeletal Muscles - functions

Question 1

Occipitofrontalis

Answer 1

Raises eyebrows.

Question 2

Orbicularis oculi:

Answer 2

Closes eyes.

Question 3

Orbicularis oris:

Answer 3

Closes / pouts lips.

Question 4

Masseter:

Answer 4

Mastication.

Question 5

Temporalis:

Answer 5

Mastication.

Question 6

Sternocleidomastoid:

Answer 6

Turns and tilts head.

Question 7

Trapezius:

Answer 7

Pulls head backwards. Elevates (shrugs) and retracts shoulders. Pulls shoulders back.

Question 8

Supraspinatus:

Answer 8

Initial abduction of shoulder.

Question 9

Psoas:

Answer 9

Hip flexor (pulls thigh towards trunk).

Question 10

Latissimus dorsi:

Answer 10

Extends, adducts and internally rotates arms.

Question 11

Quadratus lumborum:

Answer 11

Bending backwards or sideways (vertebral extension or lateral flexion).

Question 12

Erector spinae:

Answer 12

Extension of the vertebral column. Keeps spine upright

Question 13

Pectoralis major:

Answer 13

Draws arms forward:
Shoulder flexion and medial rotation.

Question 14

Rectus abdominis:

Answer 14

Vertebral flexion: Bending forward (crunches).

Question 15

Internal and external obliques:

Answer 15

Rotation, bending sideways.

Question 16

Respiratory Diaphragm

Answer 16

When contracts, it descends into the abdominal cavity, increasing the space for air to enter the lungs.

Question 17

Deltoid:

Answer 17

Flexion, abduction and extension of shoulder joint.
Forward, side and back

Question 18

Biceps brachii:

Answer 18

Stabilises shoulder joint; flexion and supination of forearm.

Question 19

Triceps brachii:

Answer 19

Arm adduction; extends elbow (straightens arm)
Allows pushing movement by extending forearm.
Brachii = arm

Question 20

Flexor carpi muscle:

Answer 20

Flexes the hand at the wrist joint.

Question 21

Extensor carpi muscle:

Answer 21

Extends the hand at the wrist joint.

Question 22

Gluteus maximus:

Answer 22

External rotation, abduction and extension of the hip joint.

Question 23

Piriformis:

Answer 23

Externally rotates hips.
Deeper inside pelvis/buttocks
Sciatic nerve!

Question 24

Hamstring:

Answer 24

Bends knee (flexes knee).

Question 25

Rectus femoris:

Answer 25

Flexes hip and extends knee (e.g. kicking a football).

Question 26

Thigh adductors:

Answer 26

Squeeze the thighs together.

Question 27

Tibialis anterior:

Answer 27

Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot (and supports medial arch of foot).

Question 28

Soleus

Answer 28

Plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle.

Question 29

Gastrocnemius

Answer 29

Flexes leg at the knee. Plantar flexion of foot.