Skeletal System

Question 1

functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

support and protection, body movement, excretion

Question 2

axial skeleton

Answer 2

to protect the central nervous system

Question 3

how many bones are in the axial skeleton?

Answer 3

80 bones

skull, vertebrae, rib cage,

Question 4

appendicular skeleton

Answer 4

bones that support appendages

Question 5

how many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 5

126

arms, femur, fibula, tibia, feet bones

Question 6

how many total bones are in the body?

Answer 6

206

Question 7

what are the 5 types of bones

Answer 7

long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid

Question 8

long bones

Answer 8

cylinder-shaped bones that are longer than they are wide, gives leverage.
tibia, fibula, femur, metatarsals, and phalanges

Question 9

short bones

Answer 9

shaped more like a cube

carpal, tarsals

Question 10

flat bones

Answer 10

the spongy bone between two layers of compact bone

Question 11

irregular bones

Answer 11

cancellous tissue enclosed in compact bone
vertebræ, sacrum, coccyx, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, mandible, palatine, inferior nasal concha, and hyoid.

Question 12

sesamoid bones

Answer 12

a small round bone that is imbedded within a tendon, whose purpose is to reinforce and decrease stress on that tendon
knee, thumb, big toe

Question 13

epiphysis

Answer 13

end

Question 14

diaphysis

Answer 14

shaft

Question 15

articular cartilage

Answer 15

hyaline cartilage

Question 16

periosteum

Answer 16

vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.

Question 17

medullary cavity

Answer 17

hollow chamber filled with bone marrow

Question 18

red marrow

Answer 18

blood

Question 19

yellow marrow

Answer 19

fat

Question 20

compact

Answer 20

wall of diaphysis

Question 21

spongy

Answer 21

epiphysis- red marrow

Question 22

pivot

Answer 22

Uniaxial joints allows rotational movement

freely movable

Question 23

hinge

Answer 23

Uniaxial joint, allows flexion and extension, synovial joint that allows motion in one plane.

Question 24

condyloid

Answer 24

biaxial joint, allows flexion and extension, abduction/ adduction and circumduction

Question 25

saddle

Answer 25

biaxial joint, allows flexion/ extension, abduction/ adduction and circumduction

Question 26

plane

Answer 26

the multiaxial joint allows inversion and eversion of foor. extension and lateral flexion of the vertebral column

Question 27

ball and socket

Answer 27

multiaxial joint, allows flexion/ extension

Question 28

Flexion/ Extension

Answer 28

take place in sagittal plane, involve anterior or posterior movements of the body. flexion is decreasing the angle and extension is increasing the angle.

Question 29

adduction, abduction, circumduction

Answer 29

condyloid, saddle, and ball and socket joints adduction is arms by your side abduction is arms raised laterally circumduction is moving arms in a circle

Question 30

rotation

Answer 30

can occur in the vertebral column

Question 31

medial/ lateral

Answer 31

medial (internal rotation) movement that brings anterior surface of limb towards the midling of the body. Lateral is away from the midline

Question 32

Supination/ Pronation

Answer 32

Pronation- palms down, supination- palms up

Question 33

dorsiflexion/plantar flexion

Answer 33

dorsiflexion- foot flexing up, plantarflexion- foot down

Question 34

opposition/ reposition

Answer 34

opposition- thumb touching index and 3 fingers normal, reposition- regular position

Question 35

inversion/ eversion

Answer 35

inversion- turning foot where bottom of foot is towards the midline, eversion- turning bottom of foot away from the midline.

Question 36

protraction

Answer 36

sticking the jaw out

Question 37

depression/ elevation

Answer 37

elevation- raising shoulders, depression- putting shoulders down

Question 38

how many bones are in the cranium?

Answer 38

22

Question 39

what is the only movable bone in the skull?

Answer 39

mandible, jaw

Question 40

what are the 5 vertebral regions

Answer 40

``` superior to an inferior order cervical vertebrae thoracic curve intervertebral disc lumbar vertebrae sacrum coccyx ```

Question 41

how many vertebrae are in the cervical?

Answer 41

7 (C1-C7)

Question 42

how many vertebrae in thoracic?

Answer 42

12 (T1-T12)

Question 43

How many vertebrae in lumbar?

Answer 43

5 (L1-L5)

Question 44

Scoliosis

Answer 44

is an abnormal, lateral curvature, accompanied by twisting of the vertebral column

Question 45

Kyphosis

Answer 45

curvature of the spine greater than 50 degrees

Question 46

Lordosis

Answer 46

exaggerated inward curve of the spine that affects the lower back

Question 47

What does the thoracic cage protect?

Answer 47

The heart, lungs and other organs

Question 48

Costal Cartilage

Answer 48

bars of hyaline cartliage to prolong the ribs.

Question 49

Three types of ribs and how many of each?

Answer 49

true, false and floating ribs.

Question 50

Main bones of the pectoral girdle

Answer 50

Clavicle and Scapula

Question 51

humerus

Answer 51

arm bone between shoulder and elbow

Question 52

Radius

Answer 52

Bone on the thumb side of forearm

Question 53

Ulna

Answer 53

The other bone that makes up the arm

Question 54

Carpals

Answer 54

Bones that make up the base of the wrist

Question 55

Metacarpals

Answer 55

Hand bones

Question 56

Phalanges

Answer 56

fingers

Question 57

Femur

Answer 57

big thigh bone

Question 58

Tibia

Answer 58

Big lower leg bone

Question 59

Fibula

Answer 59

Other small lower leg bone

Question 60

Tarsals

Answer 60

at base of ankles

Question 61

Metatarsals

Answer 61

toe bones

Question 62

Closed Fracture

Answer 62

Fracture where the bone is pointed in the correct direction

Question 63

Open Fracture

Answer 63

Fracture where bone is pointed in the incorrect direction

Question 64

Transverse Fracture

Answer 64

Fracture where the bone is still together

Question 65

Spiral Fracture

Answer 65

A fracture like a spiral

Question 66

Comminuted Fracture

Answer 66

Multiple small fragments of bone

Question 67

Impacted Fracture

Answer 67

Fracture from impact

Question 68

Greenstick Fracture

Answer 68

Chip out of the bone

Question 69

Oblique Fracture

Answer 69

Clean cut fracture