Skeletal System

Question 1

Types of skeletons

Answer 1

Axial and Appendicular

Question 2

Axial

Answer 2

80 bones, skull, vertebrae, rib cage, sternum

Question 3

Appendicular

Answer 3

126 bones, clavicle, scapula, arms, forearms, hands, pelvis, legs, feet, ankles (limbs)

Question 4

Number of bones in the human body

Answer 4

206 bones

Question 5

Functions of the Skeletal System

Answer 5

Support and protection, body movement, produces blood cells, storage of minerals and fats

Question 6

Long Bones

Answer 6

Cylinder-like shape, longer that they are wide (femur, tibia, fibula, etc)

Question 7

Short Bones

Answer 7

Cube-like shape, length, width, thickness are similar (carpals, tarsals)

Question 8

Flat Bones

Answer 8

Thin and curved (sternum, ribs, scapula, cranial bones)

Question 9

Irregular Bones

Answer 9

Complex shape (vertebrae, facial bones)

Question 10

Sesamoid Bones

Answer 10

Small and round, embedded in tendons (patellae)

Question 11

Epiphysis

Answer 11

End of the long bone

Question 12

Diaphysis

Answer 12

Middle (shaft) of the bone

Question 13

Articular Cartilage

Answer 13

Cartilage at the end of the bone for cushioning/padding

Question 14

Periosteum

Answer 14

Membrane that covers the entire bone

Question 15

Medullary Cavity

Answer 15

Hollow chamber in diaphysis filled with bone marrow

Question 16

Red Bone Marrow

Answer 16

Produces red blood cells

Question 17

Yellow Bone Marrow

Answer 17

Stores minerals and fats

Question 18

Compact Bone Tissue

Answer 18

Wall of diaphysis

Question 19

Spongy Bone Tissue

Answer 19

Sponge look, in the epiphysis, has red marrow

Question 20

Pivot Joint

Answer 20

uniaxial, allows rotational movement, forearm rotation

Question 21

Hinge Joint

Answer 21

uniaxial, allows flexion/extension movement, knee, elbow, ankle

Question 22

Saddle Joint

Answer 22

biaxial,

Question 23

Condyloid Joint

Answer 23

biaxial

Question 24

Ball and Socket Joint

Answer 24

multiaxial

Question 25

Plane Joint

Answer 25

multiaxial

Question 26

Number of bones in cranium

Answer 26

22 bones

Question 27

Only moveable bone in cranium

Answer 27

mandible (lower jaw)

Question 28

Five vertebral regions

Answer 28

Cervical vertebrae, Thoracic Vertebrae, Lumbar Vertebrae, Sacrum, Coccyx

Question 29

How many vertebrae are in cervical

Answer 29

7, C1-C7

Question 30

How many vertebrae are in thoracic

Answer 30

12, T1-T12

Question 31

How many vertebrae are in lumbar

Answer 31

5, L1-L5

Question 32

Scoliosis

Answer 32

abnormal lateral curvature, and twisting of the vertebral column

Question 33

Kyphosis

Answer 33

hunchback, excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic region

Question 34

Lordosis

Answer 34

swayback, excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar region

Question 35

What does the thoracic cage protect

Answer 35

heart and lungs

Question 36

Costal cartilage

Answer 36

cartilage that extends several inches

Question 37

True Ribs

Answer 37

Ribs 1-7, costal cartilage connects them to the sternum

Question 38

False Ribs

Answer 38

Ribs 8-12, costal cartilage does not directly connect to sternum

Question 39

Floating Ribs

Answer 39

Ribs 11-12, short ribs that do not attach to sternum at all

Question 40

Main bones of pectoral girdle

Answer 40

Scapula and clavicle

Question 41

Humerus

Answer 41

upper arm bone

Question 42

Radius

Answer 42

larger, outer bone of the forearm

Question 43

Ulna

Answer 43

smaller, inner bone of the forearm

Question 44

Carpals

Answer 44

small, ball-like bones in the lower part of the hand near the wrist

Question 45

Metacarpals

Answer 45

5 middle bones in the hand

Question 46

Phalanges

Answer 46

finger and toe bones (distal, middle, proximal)

Question 47

Femur

Answer 47

upper bone of the leg (thigh)

Question 48

Tibia

Answer 48

larger inner bone of the lower leg

Question 49

Fibula

Answer 49

smaller outer bone of the lower leg

Question 50

Tarsals

Answer 50

small bones in the foot near the ankle

Question 51

Metatarsals

Answer 51

middle bones in the foot

Question 52

Closed Fracture

Answer 52

if the injury does not break the skin

Question 53

Open Fracture

Answer 53

if the injury does break the skin

Question 54

Transverse Fracture

Answer 54

when a bone breaks at a 90-degree angle to the long axis of the bone

Question 55

Spiral Fracture

Answer 55

occurs when a long bone is broken by a twisting force

Question 56

Comminuted Fracture

Answer 56

when a bone is broken or splintered into multiple pieces

Question 57

Impacted Fracture

Answer 57

a break where the ends are driven into each other

Question 58

Greenstick Fracture

Answer 58

when a bone bends and cracks, but not into separate pieces

Question 59

Oblique Fracture

Answer 59

when the break is on an angle through the bone