Skeletal System

Question 1

It provides a supporting framework for the body, a firm base to which the muscles of locomotion are attached, and protects the softer tissues enclosed within the framework.

Answer 1

Skeletal system

Question 2

It forms the central axis of the animal and comprises the skull, vertebral column, and the ribcage.

Answer 2

Axial skeleton

Question 3

It is composed of the front and hind limbs, and limb girdles which attach them to the body.

Answer 3

Appendicular skeleton

Question 4

It is found within the soft tissues.

Answer 4

Splanchnic skeleton

Question 5

It acts as an internal “scaffold” upon which the body is built.

Answer 5

Support

Question 6

It provides attachment for muscles, which operate a system of levers.

Answer 6

Locomotion

Question 7

It protects the underlying soft parts of the body.

Answer 7

Protection

Question 8

It acts as a store for the essential minerals calcium and phosphate.

Answer 8

Storage

Question 9

Haemopoietic tissue forming the bone marrow manufactures the blood cells.

Answer 9

Haemopoiesis

Question 10

How many bones are present in dogs?

Answer 10

321 bones

Question 11

Bones that are proportionally longer than they are wide. (ex. femur and humerus)

Answer 11

Long bones

Question 12

Bones about as long as they are wide, and each has only one growth center. (ex. carpal and tarsal)

Answer 12

Short bones

Question 13

Bones that have two plates of compact bone with spongy bone in between.

Answer 13

Flat bones

Question 14

Bones that are all irregular in shape. (ex. vertebrae and some skull bones)

Answer 14

Irregular bones

Question 15

Bones with air spaces in them. (ex. certain bones of bird)

Answer 15

Pneumatic bones

Question 16

Are ribs considered aberrant long bones?

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

Bones which are developed in tendons to afford increased leverage. (ex. patella and navicular bone)

Answer 17

Sesamoids

Question 18

A part of a long bone (dense or cortical) that refers to the hard layer that constitutes the exterior of most bones and forms almost the entire shaft of long bones.

Answer 18

Compact bone

Question 19

Spongy, composed of spicules arranged to form a porous network. The paces are usually filled with marrow.

Answer 19

Cancellous bone

Question 20

The space surrounded by the cortex of a long bone. In young animals it is filled with red marrow which is gradually replaced by yellow marrow as the animal ages.

Answer 20

Medullary cavity

Question 21

Refers to either end of a long bone.

Answer 21

Epiphysis

Question 22

The end closest to the body.

Answer 22

Proximal epiphysis

Question 23

End farthest from the body

Answer 23

Distal epiphysis

Question 24

The cylindrical shaft of a long bone between the two epiphysis.

Answer 24

Diaphysis

Question 25

A mature bone is the flared area adjacent to the epiphysis.

Answer 25

Metaphysis

Question 26

A layer of hyaline cartilage within the metaphysis of an immature bone that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis. This is the only area in which a bone can lengthen.

Answer 26

Epiphyseal cartilage

Question 27

A thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the articular surface of a bone.

Answer 27

Articular cartilage

Question 28

A fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a bone except where articular cartilage is located.

Answer 28

Periosteum

Question 29

The most caudal bone of the skull.

Answer 29

Occipital bone

Question 30

It is where the spinal cord passes.

Answer 30

Foramen magnum

Question 31

It articulates with the atlas.

Answer 31

Occipital condyles

Question 32

It forms the rostral part of the roof of the cranial cavity.

Answer 32

Frontal bone

Question 33

A pointed process that partly forms the orbit.

Answer 33

Zygomatic process

Question 34

Together with the frontal bone, it forms the roof of the cranial cavity.

Answer 34

Parietal bone

Question 35

It lies below the parietal bone on the caudolateral surface of the skull.

Answer 35

Temporal bone

Question 36

The most ventral part of the bone forms a rounded prominence.

Answer 36

Tympanic bulla

Question 37

Unpaired bone, forms the rostral wall of the cranial cavity.

Answer 37

Ethmoid bone

Question 38

Unpaired bond, lying ventral aspect of the skull, forming the floor of the cranial cavity.

Answer 38

Sphenoid bone

Question 39

Depression in skull

Answer 39

Sella turcica

Question 40

It forms part of the lateral of the air passageway dorsal to the soft palate.

Question 41

(Plowshare bone) Gutter-shaped bone longitudinally separates the right and left basal passages.

Answer 41

Vomer

Question 42

It supports the upper incisors and contributes to the formation of palatine fissure. Most rostral bone of the skull.

Answer 42

Incisive bone

Question 43

Longitudinal bone forming the roof of the nasal cavity.

Answer 43

Nasal bone

Question 44

It forms the osseous lateral walls of the face and a major part of the hard palate.

Answer 44

Maxillary bone

Question 45

It lies at the medial surface of the orbit, which houses the eye.

Answer 45

Lacrimal bone

Question 46

The zygomatic arch is an arch of bind that projects laterally from the skull, forming the cheekbone.

Answer 46

Zygomatic bone

Question 47

It forms part of the hard palate, along with the maxilla and incisive bone.

Answer 47

Palatine bone