Skeletal system Flashcards
(18 cards)
what is the axial skeletal bones and what are they used for
Protection, cranium, sternum, ribcage, vertabrae
what is the appendicular bones
shoulder girdle, hip girdle, all leg bones, all leg bones
bones of the upper limb
humorous, radio-ulna (forearm), wrist and hand
Bones in the wrist and hand, in order
Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
bones in the pelvis
ilium, ischium, pubis
Bones in the lower limb
Femur, patella, tibia and fibula, foot - talus, tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges
Long bones
act as a lever, used for movement e.g. the femur, running
Short bones
shock absorption, weight bearing, e.g. carpals in wrist and a handstand in gymnastics
Flat bones
Protection, e.g. cranium protects the brain and a header in football
Sesamoid bones
The patella
Irregular bones
vertebrae protects the spinal column
Functions of the skeletal system
Mineral storage (calcium and phosphorus), red and white blood cell production, protection of vital organs, movement, support ( skeleton supports organs and muscles), shape (skeleton gives us our shape and size)
What is a joint
where two or more bones meet
Fixed
there is no movement e.g. cranium
Slightly moveable/cartilaginous
small movement in a number of directions e.g. the vertebrae
Freely movable/synovial
Allow a greater range of movement e.g. shoulder
short term effects on he skeletal system
increased bone cell production, ligaments get warmer and stretchier, increased range of moment at a joint, increase synovial; fluid production, less likely to become injured
long term effects on the skeletal system
increase bone density, increase osteoblast activity, more calcium in the bones, more minerals in the bones, stronger ligaments, decrease risk of osteoporosis
