skeletal system Flashcards
(26 cards)
functions of skeletal system
- support
- protection
- movement
- shape
- blood cell production
- mineral storage
how many bones are in the human body
206
synovial capsule
encloses the joint and lined with the synovial membrane.
synovial membrane
lines the synovial capsule. it produces a think slippery substance known as synovial fluid
synovial fluid
-lubricates the joint
-nourishes the cartilage
-acts as a shock absorber between bones
bursae
small sac like structure
filled with fluid
-acts as cushions to reduced friction between bones tendons and muscles
cartilage
smooth cartilage covers the end of each bone surface
-acts as a cushion and shock absorber between the bones
ligaments
hold bones in place
prevents over-movement
tendons
attaches skeletal muscles to bones
what is a synovial joint
freely moveable joint
6 types of joints
& examples
- ball & socket (hip and shoulder)
- condyloid (Wrist)
- saddle (thumb)
- pivot (neck)
- hinge (knee & hip)
- plane/ gliding (hand and feet)
flexion
bending
extension
straightening
adduction
this is the movement of a body part towards the midline of the body
abduction
this is the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body
rotation
this is when the joint turns around its axis point
circumduction
this is the circular movement of a limb around a joint
movements at a ball and socket joint
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, circumduction
movements at a hinge joint
flexion, extension
movements at a pivot joint
rotation
movements at a saddle joint
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
movements at a condyloid joint
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
movements at a gliding joint
a little gliding in all directions
dorsiflexion
movement where toes are brought closer to the shins