Skeletal system Flashcards
What are the 5 main functions of the skeletal system?
- protection of organs
- movement
- support/posture
- storing minerals
- production of red blood cells
What are the 5 main types of bones? Provide an example of each.
Flat bone - scapula
Long bone - femur
Short bone - Tarsal
Irregular - mandible
Sesamoid - patella
What bones make up the shoulder?
Scapula, clavicle, humerus
What bones make up the back?
Vertebrae
What bones make up the hip?
Pelvic girdle, femur
What bones make up the forearm?
Ulna, radius
What bones make up the lower leg?
Tibia, fibula
What bones make up the foot and ankle?
Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals
What is the function of the vertebral column?
Supports the body’s structure and provides movement.
What is a joint?
Where 2 or more bones join together
What are the 3 main types of joints? Briefly explain and provide a bone as an example for each.
Fibrous joint - is immovable. EG the skull
Cartilaginous joint - is slightly moveable. EG vertebrae
Synovial joint - is freely moveable. EG knee
What are the 6 synovial joints? Provide an example for each.
Gliding joint - carpals
Saddle joint - thumb
Condyloid joint - wrist
Ball and socket joint - shoulder
Hinge joint - knee
Pivot joint - neck
What is flexion and extension?
Flexion is flexing and decreasing the angle and extension is relaxing and extending or returning back to the normal angle.
What is plantar flexion and dorsiflexion?
Plantar flexion is planting your feet/pointing them and dorsiflexion is bringing them up and decreasing the angle.
What is elevation and depression?
Elevation is raising your shoulders and depression is lowering them back down.
