Skeletal system

Question 1

What are the primary functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

-support
-assistance in movement
-protection
-blood cell formation
-storage
-triglyceride storage

Question 2

What are the parts of the skeletal system?

Answer 2

-bones (skeleton)
-joints
-cartilages
-tendons
-ligaments

Question 3

What are the 2 subdivisions of the skeleton?

Answer 3

-Axial skeleton
-Appendicular Skeleton

Question 4

How many bones in the (adult) skeleton?

Answer 4

206

Question 5

What are the two basic types of bone tissue?

Answer 5

Compact bone and Spongy Bone

Question 6

This type of bone tissue is dense and looks smooth. It is homogenous.

Answer 6

Compact bone

Question 7

This type of bone tissue is made up of small needle-like pieces of bone. There are many open spaces.

Answer 7

Spongy bone

Question 8

What are the 4 bone types?

Answer 8

-Long bones
-Short bones
-Flat bones
-Irregular bones

Question 9

What are the characteristics of long bones?

Answer 9

-typically longer than the are wide
-shaft with heads situated at both ends
-contain mostly compact bone
-long bones (especially the femur and tibia) are subjected to most of the load during daily activities and they are crucial for skeletal mobility

Question 10

What are the characteristics of short bones?

Answer 10

-generally cube-shaped or they are as wide as they are long
-contain mostly spongy bone
-included bones of the wrists and ankles
-primary function is to provide support and stability with little to no movement

Question 11

This is a kind of short bone that forms within tendons like the patella

Answer 11

Sesamoid bones

Question 12

What are the characteristics of flat bones?

Answer 12

-thin, flattened, and usually curved or are expanded into broad
-two thin layers of compact bone surround a layer of spongy bone
-primary function is either extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment

Question 13

What are the characteristics of irregular bones?

Answer 13

-irregular shape
-do not fit into other bone classification categories

Question 14

Bones are made up of what 2 minerals?

Answer 14

Calcium and Phosphorus

Question 15

This part of the bone makes up most of the bone’s length. Composed of compact bone.

Answer 15

Diaphysis (Shaft)

Question 16

This part of the bone is composed mostly of spongy bone enclosed by a thin layer of compact bone.

Answer 16

Epiphysis (ends)

Question 17

This part of the bone covers the external surface of the epiphysis. It decreases friction at joint surfaces.

Answer 17

Articular cartilage

Question 18

This is the outer covering of the diaphysis. Fibrous connective tissue membrane. Perforating fibers secure it to underlying bone.

Answer 18

Periosteum

Question 19

This is the remnant of the epiphyseal plate. Seen in adult bones.

Answer 19

Epiphyseal line

Question 20

This is a flat plate of hyaline cartilage seen in young growing bone. This causes lengthwise growth of a long bone.

Answer 20

Epiphyseal Plate

Question 21

This lines the inner surface of the diaphysis (shaft). Made up of connective tissue

Answer 21

Endosteum

Question 22

This is the cavity inside the shaft. Contains yellow marrow (mostly fat) in adults. Contains red marrow for blood cell formation in infants until age 6 or 7.

Answer 22

Medullary Cavity