Skeletal System Flashcards

(38 cards)

1
Q

functions of skeletal system

A
  1. support and protect soft tissues
  2. provide points of attachment for muscles
  3. store inorganic salts(calcium)
  4. house blood-producing cells
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2
Q

tissues in bones

A
  1. bone tissue
  2. cartilage
  3. dense connective tissue
  4. blood and nervous tissue
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3
Q

four kinds of bones

A

long
flat
short
irregular

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4
Q

articulate

A

to form a joint

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5
Q

at end of long bone, forms a joint with another bone

A

epiphysis

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6
Q

coats the epiphysis with a layer of hyaline cartilage

A

articular cartilage

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7
Q

shaft of the bone

A

diaphysis

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8
Q

widening part of the bone between the diaphysis and the epiphysis

A

metaphysis

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9
Q

tough covering of dense connective tissue that covers the bone
-helps form/repair bone tissue

A

periosteum

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10
Q

tightly packed tissue, no gaps

A

compact bone

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11
Q

thin layers of compact bone, found in epiphysis(end of bone)

A

spongy bone

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12
Q

branching bony plates

A

trabeculae

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13
Q

semirigid tube with a hollow chamber

A

medulary cavity

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14
Q

how is the medullary cavity formed?

A

formed by compact bone in the diaphysis of a long bone

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15
Q

thin membrane containing bone forming cells

A

endosteum

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16
Q

soft connective tissue

17
Q

projection at the point of attachment

18
Q

extraceullular matrix composed of

A

collagen

inorganic salts

19
Q

osteocytes

A

transports nutrients and wastes to nearby cells by passing through canaliculi

20
Q

gives bone strength

A

function of collagen

21
Q

make bone hard, make bone resistant to crushing

A

inorganic salts

22
Q

central canal contains

A

blood vessels/ nerve fibers, surrounded by loose connective tissue

23
Q

how do bones form

A

bone tissue replaces connective tissue

24
Q

flat bones of the skull

A

intramembranous bones

25
bone forming cells
osteoblasts
26
process of replacing connective tissue to form an intramembranous bone
intramebranous ossification
27
osteoclasts resorb bone tissue and osteoblasts replace th ebone
bone remodeling
28
factors influencing bone development, growth, and repair
- nutrition(Vitamins A, D, C) - exposure to sunlight(vitamin D) - hormonal secretions - physical exercise/physical stress
29
90% of protein that is part of a bone
collagen
30
stimulates division of cartilage cells in the epiphyseal plates
growth hormone
31
Why do females reach their maximum height earlier than males?
Estrogen has a stronger effect than testosterone on the epiphyseal plates
32
Why do athletes have stronger bones?
Skeletal muscles contracting pulls at the attachment go bone and the stress stimulates the bone tissue to thicken and strengthen
33
process of blood cell formation
hematopoisesis
34
two types of marrow
red-red blood cells, white blood cells, and blood platelets form yellow-stores fat and does not produce blood cells
35
location of yellow marrow in adult
skull, vertebrae, hipbones, sternum
36
results from loss of bone mineral
osteoporosis
37
human body requires calcium for
- muscle cell contraction - nerve impulse contraction - blood clot formation
38
bone tissue contains...(other than calcium and phosphorus)
magnesium sodium potassium