Skeletal System

Question 1

How many bones does an adult have

Answer 1

206

Question 2

What 5 inorganic minerals are stored in the matrix and released into circulation as needed

Answer 2

calcium (Ca)
phosphorus (P)
magnesium (Mg)
potassium (K)
sodium (Na)

Question 3

Bone-forming cells

Answer 3

Osteoblasts

Question 4

break down and reabsorb bone

Answer 4

Osteoclasts

Question 5

mature bone cells

Answer 5

Osteocytes

Question 6

shaft of the long bone; made up of compact and cancellous bone

Answer 6

Diaphysis

Question 7

Ends of the long bone

Answer 7

Epiphysis

Question 8

“growth plate”. layer of cartilage between the diaphysis and epiphysis where the growth length occurs

Answer 8

Epiphyseal cartilage

Question 9

thin sheet of cartilage that covers the end of the epiphysis; provides a cushion and lubrication for joint

Answer 9

Articular cartilage

Question 10

tough, vascular covering of the bone; made up of fibrous connective tissue; does not cover the epiphysis(ends of the long bone)

Answer 10

Periosteum

Question 11

lining the medullary cavity

Answer 11

Endosteum

Question 12

cavity in the center of long bones; contains marrow

Answer 12

Medullary cavity

Question 13

produces red blood cells

Answer 13

Red marrow

Question 14

made up of fat

Answer 14

yellow marrow

Question 15

Bony projection on the surface of a bone

Answer 15

Process

Question 16

an opening in a bone

Answer 16

foreman

Question 17

bony cavity in a bone

Answer 17

Sinus

Question 18

round bones embedded in tendons

Answer 18

Sesamoid

Question 19

Consist of bones of the skull, spine, and chest

Answer 19

Axial skeleton

Question 20

Projection located on temporal bone

Answer 20

Mastoid Process

Question 21

forms lower sides and floor; contains ossicles (bones of the middle ear- mallus, incus, and stapes) external auditory meatus (opening into middle ear)

Answer 21

Temporal

Question 22

sharp projection inferior to external auditory meatus

Answer 22

Styloid process

Question 23

projects anteriorly to form prominence of cheek

Answer 23

Zygomatic process

Question 24

contains foreman(opening) magnum where spinal cord exits skull

Answer 24

Occipital

Question 25

butterfly-shaped bone that bridges the temporal regions to form the floor of the cranium; contains sella turcia (depression) where the pituitary gland sits

Answer 25

Sphenoid

Question 26

single bone that forms most of bony area between the nasal cavity and orbits

Answer 26

Ethmoid

Question 27

thin bone that forms the inferior nasal septum

Answer 27

Vomer

Question 28

located in the medial walls of the orbits

Answer 28

Lacrimal

Question 29

forms the posterior of the hard palete

Answer 29

Palatine

Question 30

U-shaped (horse shore) that supports the tongue; only bone that does not articulate with another

Answer 30

Hyoid

Question 31

Landmark for CPR, projection at the end of body of the sternum bone

Answer 31

Xiphoid process

Question 32

made up of bones of upper and lower extremities and girdles that are anchored to the axial skeleton

Answer 32

Appendicular skeleton

Question 33

two rows of four bones tightly bound by ligaments

Answer 33

Carpals

Question 34

What are the three bones that make up a finger? | What are the two bones that make up a thumb?

Answer 34

Finger:Proximal, medial, and distal Thumb: Proximal and distal

Question 35

os coxae; basin-shaped bones on the floor of trunk

Answer 35

Pelvis

Question 36

Superior, wing-shaped bones of hips

Answer 36

ilium

Question 37

inferior portion; "sit down" bone

Answer 37

ischium

Question 38

anterior portion; right and left sides join at symphysis pubis (pad of cartilage)

Answer 38

Pubis

Question 39

kneecap; triangle-shaped, enclosed in tendon

Answer 39

Patella

Question 40

bulge on outside of ankle

Answer 40

Lateral malleolus | part of Tibia( shinbone)

Question 41

bulge on inside of ankle

Answer 41

Medial malleolus | part of Tibia (shinebone)

Question 42

seven bones that make up the ankle

Answer 42

Tarsals

Question 43

largest tarsal (heel bone)

Answer 43

calcaneus

Question 44

How many bones make up the toes

Answer 44

``` 14 Phalanges. 2 bones (distal and proximal) for the big toe 3 bones (proximal, medial, and distal) for the four small toes ```

Question 45

where two bones come together; classified by the amount of movement allowed

Answer 45

Articulations; joints

Question 46

immovable joints (e.g sutues in skull)

Answer 46

Synarthroses

Question 47

slightly movement joints; bones are connected to cartilage (e.g symphysis pubis)

Answer 47

Amphiarthroses

Question 48

freely moveable joints; ends covered with cartilage; separated by a space containing synovial fluid (e.g. elbow)

Answer 48

Diarthroses