Skeletal System

Question 1

What are the seven tissues found in the skeleton?

Answer 1

1. cartilage
2. bone tissue
3. epithelium
4. nerve
5. blood-forming tissue
6. adipose
7. dense connective tissue

Question 2

Name the five functions of bone.

Answer 2

1. supporting and protecting soft tissues
2. attachment site for muscles
3. storage of calcium & phosphorus
4. blood cell production
5. triglyceride storage

Question 3

Which type of marrow is found in the spongy bone of adults?

Answer 3

red marrow

Question 4

What is the function of yellow marrow?

Answer 4

stores triglycerides

Question 5

What is the function of red bone marrow?

Answer 5

red blood cell production

Question 6

What is the term for red blood cell production?

Answer 6

hemopoiesis

Question 7

Name the four types of bone cells.

Answer 7

1. osteogenic cells
2. osteoblasts
3. osteocytes
4. osteoclasts

Question 8

What is the name for organic bone matrix?

Answer 8

osteoid

Question 9

What is inorganic bone matrix called?

Answer 9

hydroxyapatite

Question 10

Which bone matrix gives bone its density?

Answer 10

hydroxyapatite (inorganic)

Question 11

Which bone matrix is made up of collagen fibers?

Answer 11

osteoid (organic)

Question 12

Which bone matrix is responsible for a bone’s tensile strength?

Answer 12

osteoid (organic)

Question 13

Which bone cells are responsible for building up bone?

Answer 13

osteoblasts

Question 14

Which bone cells are the precursor to osteoblasts?

Answer 14

osteogenic cells

Question 15

What are osteocytes?

Answer 15

mature cells that no longer secrete matrix

Question 16

Which bone cells break down bone?

Answer 16

osteoclasts

Question 17

What are the four zones of bone growth?

Answer 17

1. resting cartilage
2. proliferating cartilage
3. hypertrophic cartilage
4. calcified cartilage

Question 18

Name the eight bone surface markings.

Answer 18

1. Foramen
2. Fossa
3. Sulcus
4. Meatus
5. Condyle
6. Facet
7. Trochanter
8. Tuberosity

Question 19

foramen

Answer 19

opening

Question 20

fossa

Answer 20

shallow depression

Question 21

sulcus

Answer 21

groove

Question 22

meatus

Answer 22

tubelike pasageway or canal

Question 23

condyle

Answer 23

large, round protuberance

Question 24

facet

Answer 24

smooth, flat articular surface

Question 25

trochanter

Answer 25

very large projection

Question 26

tuberosity

Answer 26

large, rounded, roughened projection

Question 27

What are the bones of the axial skeleton?

Answer 27

1. Skull 2. Hyoid 3. Vertebrae 4. Ribs 5. Sternum 6. Ear ossicles

Question 28

How many bones are in the axial skeleton?

Answer 28

80

Question 29

Name the five basic bone types.

Answer 29

1. long 2. short 3. flat 4. irregular 5. sesamoid

Question 30

connective tissue surrounding bone

Answer 30

periosteum

Question 31

opening or passage in bone

Answer 31

meatus

Question 32

shelf-like projections in spongy bone

Answer 32

trabeculae

Question 33

small canals projecting from lacunae

Answer 33

canaliculi

Question 34

space in long bone containing yellow marrow

Answer 34

medullary cavity

Question 35

two rounded bumps that articulate with atlas

Answer 35

occipital condyles

Question 36

suture between occipital and parietal bones

Answer 36

lambdoidal suture

Question 37

opening in vertebrae through which spinal cord passes

Answer 37

spinal foramen

Question 38

structures that project medially into nasal cavity

Answer 38

nasal concha

Question 39

Which two bones form the nasal septum?

Answer 39

vomer and perpendicular plate

Question 40

small, delicate bone located in the medial corner of the eye

Answer 40

lacrimal bone

Question 41

the only vertebrae that has no body

Answer 41

atlas

Question 42

Which vertebrae are the ribs attached to?

Answer 42

thoracic vertebrae