Skeletal system- axial skeleton markings

Question 1

What are the two types of bone?

Answer 1

Spongy and compact

Question 2

What are the classifications of bone shape?

Answer 2

long, flat, irregular, and short bone

Question 3

What is a tuberosity?

Answer 3

A bone marking large rounded projection that may be roughened, for muscle and ligament attachment

Question 4

What is a crest?

Answer 4

The bone marking that is a narrow ridge of a bone that is usually prominent, for muscle and ligament attachment

Question 5

What is a Trochanter?

Answer 5

A bone marking that is very large blunt irregularly shaped process that is only present on the femur; for muscle and ligament attachment

Question 6

What is a line?

Answer 6

A bone marking that is narrow on a ridge but less prominent than a crest. For muscle and ligament attachment

Question 7

What is a tubercle?

Answer 7

A bone marking that is a small rounded projection or process. For muscle and ligament attachment

Question 8

What is an epicondyle?

Answer 8

A bone marking that is a raised area on or above a condyle. For muscle and ligament attachment

Question 9

What is a spine?

Answer 9

A bone marking that is a sharp slender and often pointed projection. For muscle and ligament attachment

Question 10

What is a process?

Answer 10

A bone marking that is a bony prominence. For muscle and ligament attachment.

Question 11

What is a head?

Answer 11

A bone marking that is a bony expansion carried on a narrow neck. Aids in joint formation

Question 12

What is a Facet?

Answer 12

A bone marking that is smooth, nearly flat articular surface. Aids in joint formation

Question 13

What is a condyle

Answer 13

A bone marking that is a rounded articular projection. Aids in joint formation.

Question 14

What is a ramus

Answer 14

A bone marking that is the armlike bar of bone; aids in joint formation.

Question 15

What is a fissure

Answer 15

A bone marking that is a narrow slit like opening, for the passage of vessels and nerves

Question 16

What is a foramen

Answer 16

A bone marking that is a round oval opening through a bone, for the passage of vessels and nerves

Question 17

What is a Notch

Answer 17

A bone marking that is an indention at the edge of a structure

Question 18

What is a meatus

Answer 18

A canal like passageway

Question 19

What is a sinus

Answer 19

A bone cavity that is filled with air and lined with a mucous membrane

Question 20

What is a fossa

Answer 20

A shallow basin like depression in bone that often serves as an articular surface.

Question 21

What is the significance of the foramen magnum on the skull

Answer 21

The large opening of bone that allows the spinal chord to join with the brain stem

Question 22

What is the significance of the occipital condyles

Answer 22

The rounded projections that are lateral to the foramen magnum and articulate with the first cervical vertebrae (atlas)

Question 23

What is the significance of the hypoglossal canal

Answer 23

The opening medial and superior to the occipital condyles through which the cranial nerve will pass through

Question 24

What is the significance of the external occipital protuberance

Answer 24

Midline prominence posterior to the foramen magnum

Question 25

What is the significance of the greater wings on the sphenoid bone

Answer 25

Project laterally from the sphenoid body, forming parts of the middle cranial fossa and the orbits.

Question 26

What is the significance of the pterygoid process on the sphenoid bone

Answer 26

Project inferiorly from the greater wings; attachment site for chewing muscles

Question 27

What is the significance of the superior orbital fissures on the sphenoid bone

Answer 27

Slits the orbits, providing passage of cranial nerves that control eye movement

Question 28

What is the significance of the sella turcica on the sphenoid bone

Answer 28

Located on the superior surface of the body; the seat of the saddle and holds the pituitary gland.

Question 29

What is the significance of the lesser wings on the sphenoid bone

Answer 29

Form part of the floor of the anterior cranial fossa and part of the orbit

Question 30

What is the significance of the optic canals on the sphenoid bone

Answer 30

Form the openings of the base in the lesser wings, the cranial nerve passess through to serve the eye

Question 31

What is the significance of the foramen rotundum on the sphenoid bone

Answer 31

Opening located in the medial part of the lesser wing the optic cranial nerve passess through

Question 32

What is the significance of the foramen ovale on the sphenoid bone

Answer 32

Openings are located posterolateral to the foramen rotundum and a branch of the cranial nerve passess through

Question 33

What is the significance of the foramen spinosum on the sphenoid bone

Answer 33

Openings are located posterolateral the foramen ovale and provide passage for the meningeal artery.

Question 34

What is the significance of the crista galli on the ethmoid bone

Answer 34

Known as the rooster's comb, and is a superior projection that attaches to the dura mater, helps secure the brain within the skull

Question 35

What is the significance of the cribriform plates on the ethmoid bone

Answer 35

Located lateral to the crista galli and form a portion of the roof of the nasal cavity and the floor of the anterior cranial fossa

Question 36

What is the significance of the cribriform foramina on the ethmoid bone

Answer 36

Tiny holes on the cribriform plates that allow for the passage of filaments to the olfactory nerve

Question 37

What is the significance of the perpendicular plate on the ethmoid bone

Answer 37

An inferior projection that forms the superior portion of the nasal septum

Question 38

What is the significance of the lateral masses on the ethmoid bone?

Answer 38

Flank the perpendicular plate on each side and are filled with sinuses

Question 39

What is the significance of orbital plates on the ethmoid bone?

Answer 39

Lateral surfaces of the lateral masses that act as turbinates and improve airflow in the nasal cavity.

Question 40

What is the significance of the lacrimal fossa on the facial bones

Answer 40

Houses the lacrimal sac and is responsible for draining tears from the nasal cavity

Question 41

What is the significance of the vomer bone on the facial bones

Answer 41

Thin blade shaped bone that is responsible for for formation of the inferior nasal septum

Question 42

What is the significance of the horizontal plate of the facial bone

Answer 42

A part of the palatine bone that forms the posterior portion of the hard palate

Question 43

What is the significance of the median palatine suture on the facial bones

Answer 43

A part of the palatine bone that is the median fusion of the horizontal plates of the palatine bone.

Question 44

What is the significance of the frontal process of the facial bones

Answer 44

A part of the maxilla that forms a part of the lateral aspect of the bridge of the nose

Question 45

What is the significance of the infraorbital foramen on the facial bones

Answer 45

A part of the maxilla that forms the opening under the orbit that forms a passageway for the infraorbital artery and nerve.

Question 46

What is the significance of the palatine process on the facial bones?

Answer 46

Forms the anterior hard palate

Question 47

What is the significance of the zygomatic process on the facial bones

Answer 47

The articulation process for the zygomatic bones a part of the maxilla

Question 48

What is the significance of the alveolar process of the facial bones

Answer 48

The inferior margin of the maxilla; contains sockets in which the teeth lie

Question 49

What is the significance of the condylar process on the facial bones

Answer 49

To articulate with the mandibular fossa a part of the mandible

Question 50

What is the significance of the coronoid process on the facial bones

Answer 50

The crown shaped portion of the ramus for muscle attachment

Question 51

What is the significance of the mandibular notches on the facial bones

Answer 51

To separate the condylar process and the coronoid process.

Question 52

What is the significance of the body of the facial bones mandible

Answer 52

The horizontal portion that forms the chin

Question 53

What is the significance of the ramus on the facial bones

Answer 53

A part of the mandible that is vertical extension of the body

Question 54

What is the significance of mandibular angles on the facial bones

Answer 54

A part of the mandible that is the posterior point where the ramus meets the body

Question 55

What is the significance of mental foramina on the facial bones

Answer 55

A part of the mandible that is the paired openings lateral to midline that transmit blood vessels and nerves to the lower lip and skin of chin

Question 56

What is significance of the alveolar process on the mandible of the facial bones

Answer 56

The superior margin of the mandible that contains sockets in which the teeth lie

Question 57

What is the significance of the mandibular foramina on the facial bones

Answer 57

Located on the medial surface of each ramus; the passageway for each nerve involved in tooth sensation .