Skeletal System (functions) Exam 2 Flashcards by Bethany Lockey

frontal
supraorbital foramen/notch

cranial
blood vessels & nerves to forehead

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parietal

cranial

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occipital
occipital condyle

cranial
articulates with atlas

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occipital
foramen magnum

cranial
spinal cord & vertebral arteries to brain stem

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occipital
hypoglossal canal

cranial
nerves to tongue

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occipital
jugular foramen

cranial
blood from the brain

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temporal
mandibular fossa

cranial
articulates with mandibular condyle

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temporal
external acoustic meatus (auditory canal)

cranial
passage for sound

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temporal
carotid canal

cranial
blood to the brain

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temporal
styloid & mastoid process

cranial
tongue, hyoid, or neck muscle attachment

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sphenoid
sella turcica with hypophyseal fossa

cranial
encloses and protects pituitary gland

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sphenoid
optic canal

cranial
optic nerve and blood vessels to retina

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sphenoid
orbital fissures

cranial
various cranial/eye nerves and blood vessels to orbit

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ethmoid
olfactory (cribriform) foramina

cranial
olfactory nerves

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ethmoid
crista galli

cranial
attachment for meninges/brain

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ethmoid
nasal conchae

cranial
disrupt airflow/create turbulance

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mandible
mandibular condyle (condylar process)

facial
articulates with temporal bone

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mandible
coronoid process

facial
attachment for jaw muscle

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mandible
mental foramen

facial
to chin and lower lip

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mandible
mandibular foramen

facial
to lower teeth

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maxilla
alveolar process

facial
for teeth sockets

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maxilla
nasolacrimal canal

facial
drains tears

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maxilla
infraorbital foramen

facial
blood vessels and nerves to middle face

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nasal

facial
bridge of nose

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hyoid

larynx; pharynx and tongue muscle attachment

vertebral column curvatures

cushions and increases flexibility

vertebral column intervertebral discs

cushions and stabilizes

vertebral body

weight-bearing region

vertebral foramen

spinal cord and blood vessels

intervertebral foramen

spinal nerves

spinous and transverse process

muscle and ligament attachment

articular facets

articulates vertebrae with each other

cervical vertebrae transverse foramen

vertebral arteries and veins to/from brain

atlas

C2 vertical process (dens)

axis provides pivot point for head turning

thoracic vertebrae costal and transverse costal facets

articulates with ribs

lumbar vertebrae

bears most weight and stress

sacrum sacral canal

spinal nerves

sternum manubrium

articulates with clavicle and rib 1

sternum body

articulates with ribs 2-7

sternum xiphoid process

attachment for abdominal muscles (cartilage)

ribs true ribs

have direct cartilage attachment to sternum (1-7)

ribs false ribs

don't have direct cartilage attachment to sternum (8-12)

ribs floating ribs

no anterior attachment (11 &12)

clavicle

articulates scapula to sternum indirect arm attachment

scapula glenoid cavity

articulates with head of humerus

scapula coracoid process and acromion

for ligaments and muscles of glenohumeral joint

scapula fossas (infra- and supraspinous, subscapular)

attachment of scapular muscles

humerus (greater and lesser tubercles)

shoulder muscle attachment

humerus trochlea and capitulum

articulates with ulna and radius respectively

humerus lateral and medial epicondyle

forearm muscle attachments

ulna trochlear notch

articulates with trochlea

ulna radial notch

articulates with head of radius

ulna olecranon

triceps brachii muscle attachment

radius head

articulates with capitulum

radius ulnar notch

articulates with ulna (distal head)

radius radial tiberosity

biceps brachii muscle attachment

carpals scaphoid and lunate

articulates with radius

wrist

radiocarpal joint

metacarpals and phalanges

long bones (hand)

hip bones acetabulum

articulates with head of femur

hip bones ilium iliac crest

for abdominal and low back muscle attachment

hip bones ilium iliac spines

thigh muscle attachment

hip bones ischium ischium tuberosity

thigh muscle attachment and bears weight when sitting

hip bones pubis pubic symphysis

articulates hip bones

pelvis

hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx

femur head (with fovea capitis)

articulates with acetabulum

femur greater and lesser trochanter

hip muscle attachment

femur epicondyle

lower leg/calf muscle attachments

femur lateral and medial condyle

articulates with tibia

patella sesamoid bone

protects condyles of femur

tibia condyle

articulates with femur

tibia tibial tuberosity

attachment for quadricepts

fibula

stabilizes lower leg, helps protect ankle joint

tarsals talus

articulates with tibia and fibula ankle

tarsals calcaneus

calf muscle attachment and weight bearing heel

metatarsals and phalanges

long bones