Skill Learning Flashcards
What is skill?
Skill is coordinated movement patterns that have been learned to achieve a specific outcome.
What is ability?
Ability is the foundation of the development of skills. Abilities are pre-determined and genetic and are enduring qualities.
What are the three types of skill?
Psychomotor, Perceptual and Cognitive
Define creative application of skill
Movement patterns implemented in sports that are high risk, high reward and very aesthetically pleasing
What are nine principles of effective practice?
Varied, Progressive, Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timed, Exciting, Recorded. - VPSMARTER
What are conditioned games?
Conditioned games impose a set of rules that causes the players to focus on specific tactics within a pressurised context e.g. 5 v 5 Gaelic football with no hand passing.
Name the three methods of practice.
Whole practice, part practice, whole part whole practice
Name and explain the five types of practice.
Fixed - practised repeatedly in a constant environment
Variable - Performed in a constantly changing situations and environment
Distributed - Practice with rest and recover periods built in.
Massed - Continuous with no rest
Mental - Visualising performance in the mind without physically moving
What is intrinsic feedback?
Kinasthetic feedback received from the senses when executing a skill e.g. vision, hearing, touch (proprioception)
What are the two types of extrinsic feedback?
Knowledge of results - the end result e.g. match score or was the shot made or missed.
Knowledge of performance - feedback on the quality of the performer’s action or technique - it does not concern the end result of the action.
What is positive feedback?
Praise directed at the athlete following movement usually from the coach.
What is negative feedback?
Highlights a mistake made by the athlete. Only beneficial when accompanied with advice on how to improve and should always be accompanied with some positive feedback.
What are terminal and continuous feedback?
Terminal - received at the end of a performance helps future performance.
Continuous - during performance offers opportunity to perform better during the event and change the final outcome of the contest.
What are the three stages of learning a new skill as identified by Fitts and Posner?
Cognitive, Associative & Autonomous
