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Physics AS Level AQA > Skills > Flashcards

Skills Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Unit Prefixes: Give the symbol and factor for tera

A
  • T
  • 10^12
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2
Q

Unit Prefixes: Give the symbol and factor for giga

A
  • G
  • 10^9
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3
Q

Unit Prefixes: Give the symbol and factor for mega

A
  • M
  • 10^6
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4
Q

Unit Prefixes: Give the symbol and factor for kilo

A
  • k
  • 10^3
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5
Q

Unit Prefixes: Give the symbol and factor for centi

A
  • c
  • 10^-2
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6
Q

Unit Prefixes: Give the symbol and factor for milli

A
  • m
  • 10^-3
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7
Q

Unit Prefixes: Give the symbol and factor for micro

A
  • mew
  • 10^-6
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8
Q

Unit Prefixes: Give the symbol and factor for nano

A
  • n
  • 10^-9
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9
Q

Unit Prefixes: Give the symbol and factor for pico

A
  • P
  • 10^-12
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10
Q

Unit Prefixes: Give the symbol and factor for femto

A
  • f
  • 10^-15
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11
Q

What is the SI base unit for mass?

A
  • Kilogram
  • kg
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12
Q

What is the SI base unit for length?

A
  • Metre
  • m
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13
Q

What is the SI base unit for time?

A
  • Second
  • S
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14
Q

What is the SI base unit for current?

A
  • Ampere
  • A
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15
Q

What is the SI base unit for temperature?

A
  • Kelvin
  • K
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16
Q

What is the SI base unit for amount of a substance?

A
  • Mole
  • Mol
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17
Q

What is the SI base unit for luminous intensity?

A
  • Candela
  • Cd
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18
Q

What is the minimum possible uncertainty based on?

A
  • Resolution of the instrument
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19
Q

What else could impact uncertainty?

A
  • Resolution of the instrument used
  • Manufacturer’s tolerance on instruments
  • Judgements made by experimenter
  • Procedures adopted
  • Size of increments available
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20
Q

What is a reading?

A

The values found from a single judgement when using a piece of equipment. Eg. thermometer, single judgement required

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21
Q

What is a measurement?

A

the values taken as the difference between the judgements of two values. Eg. using a ruler, judgement required at both ends

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22
Q

How do you work out the minimum uncertainty in a reading?

Study These Flashcards
A

+- half of the smallest division

23
Q

How do you work out the minimum uncertainty in a measurement?

Study These Flashcards
A

+- smallest division

24
Q

How do you work out the uncertainty of a given value?

Study These Flashcards
A

+- the last significant digit. Eg 1.60 x 10^-19, uncertainty is +- 0.01 x 10^-19

25
How do you work out the uncertainty of multiple instances of measurement?
(+- uncertainty of whole value)/(number of measurements)
26
How do you work out the uncertainty of repeated data?
+- half the range of values
27
What is absolute uncertainty?
The uncertainty of a measurement given as a certain fixed quantity. symbol = delta
28
What is the percentage uncertainty?
The uncertainty given as a percentage of the measurement taken. symbol = epsilon
29
What is the fractional uncertainty?
The uncertainty given as a fraction of the measurement taken. Has no symbol
30
When adding or subtracting data you...
add the absolute uncertainties
31
When multiplying or dividing data you...
Add the percentage uncertainties
32
When raising to a power you...
multiply the percentage uncertainty by the power
33
What are the two types of quantitative data?
- Discrete: only certain values can be taken - Continuous: can take any value on a scale
34
What are the two types of qualitative data?
Categoric: can be sorted into categories with names Ordered: can be put in ordered categories
35
How do you take accurate mass measurements using a mass balance?
- Zero the balance before use - Take into account mass of beakers - If zero error found after investigation, add or subtract accordingly to correct results
36
How do you take accurate volume measurements using a measuring cylinder?
- Choose correct size for the volume youre measuring - Read from the bottom of the meniscus - Read at eye level to avoid parallax error
37
How do you take accurate time measurements using a stopwatch or light gates?
- For measuring a longer time period, a stopwatch will be accurate enough but is limited by reaction time (typically of 0.25 seconds) - For short time periods use a set of light gates connected to a data logger as they have no reaction time error
38
How do you accurately measure length using a ruler?
- Read at eye level to avoid parallax error - Set vertically using a plumb line - Set horizontally using a set square
39
How would you take small length measurements using a micrometer?
- Place object in gap between anvil and spindle - Tighten the thimble then turn ratchet until it clicks to prevent overtightening - Read the main scale (0.5mm intervals) - Add on the thimble scale (0.01mm resolution)
40
What is the independent variable?
The variable you change
41
What is the dependent variable?
The variable you measure
42
What is the control variable?
The variables you keep constant to make it a fair test to ensure validity.
43
What is random error?
Errors causing reading to be spread about the true value in an unpredictable way
44
How can you reduce random error?
Take more measurements and calculating a mean
45
What is an example of a random error?
Temp increase causing an increase in resistance of a wire
46
What is a systematic error?
Errors causing reading to differ from the true value by a consistent amount each time
47
What is an example of systematic error?
Zero error
48
What should you do if systematic error is suspected?
Data collection should be repeated using a diff technique or set of equipment and results are compared
49
What does accuracy of a measurement mean?
Considered accurate if it is judged to be close to the true value
50
What does precision of a measurement mean?
A measurement in which there is minimal spread about a mean value
51
What causes precision errors?
Extent of random errors
52
What does it mean if a measurement is repeatable?
If the original experimenter repeats the investigation using the same method and equipment and gets the same results
53
What does it mean if a measurement is reproducible?
If the investigation is repeated by another or by using diff equipment/techniques and the same results are obtained
54
What does validity of a measurement mean?
Measure of how ell an experiment measures what it is intended to measure. Evaluate: is experiment fair? is there a range of data collected at suitable intervals with repeat readings? Has suitable equipment been used?

Physics AS Level AQA (7 decks)

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