skim first aid Flashcards by Adam Carroll

IgA protease bacteria

SHiN: S pneumo, H influ Type B, Nesisseria

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Type III secretion system bacteria

Psuedomonas, shigella, salmonella, e coli

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Protein A, M protein

Protein A is Staph (prevent opsonization and phagocytosis by binding Fc region of IgG), M protein is GAS (helps prevent phagocytosis, cause of rheumatic fever)

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Colon cancer subacute endocarditis/bactermia bacteria

S. Bovis

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Bacteria polypeptide capsule

(D- glutamate capsule), B anthrax

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Alpha Toxin bacteria

C perfringens (it is a lecithinase, phospholiapse) that give gas gangrene properites

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C Diff Toxins

Toxin A: enterotoxin; brush broder, alter fluids

Toxin B: Cytotoxin, disrupts acitn polymerization and cyotksleton (causes pseudomembrane)

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Rocket tails and actin polymerization

Listeria (tx with ampicillin)

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Nocardia properties

Aerobe, acid fast, found in soil, causes pulm infections or cutaneous infections ni immunocomp; can spread to CNS. Tx with TMP-SMX

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Cord Factor bacteria and sulfatides

Mycobacter; esp in vvirulent TB strains. Activates macrophages, induce release of TNF alpha.

sulfatides inhibit phagolysosomal fusion

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tx for tuberculoid leprosy vs leprometous form, immune response differences

lepromatous: tx with dapsone, rifampin and CLOFAZAMINE. Mostly a humoral Th2 response with low cell mediatedi mmunity
Tuberculoid:: few hairless skin plaques; high cell mediated immunity, mostly Th1 tx with dapsone and rifampin only

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What is Fitz Hugh Curtis Syndrome

complication of N. Gonnorhea where it expands to the peritoneum I believe

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Dosing time H influ B vaccine, tx

2-18 months, tx amox/clav for mucosal, ceftriaxone for meningitis and systemic, rifampin for close contacts

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Rapid dx of legionella

urine antigen

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Strain of E coli for invasive diarrhea?

EIEC

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Feature (bresides HUS) for EHEC to distinc from other e coli

Does not ferment sorbitol

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What is in vaccine for S Typhi, disease casued

capsule polysaccharide

typhoid fever: rose spots on abdomen, constipation, abdominal pain, fever, can be hornic carrier in gall bladder

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cause of psuedoappendicitis

yersine enterocolitica (ram negative, pet feces, contam pork/milk)

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H Pylori tx

amox (or metron if penicillin allergy), Clarithromyicn, PPI

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Spirochetes

Borrellia, leptospira, treponema

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Leptospira interrogans

spirochete, hook shaped guys, Weil disesase: jaundice and azotemia from liver, kidney dysfunc, feve,r hemorrhage

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Sx congenital syphilis

rhagades (linear scars at angle of mouth), mulberry mollars, saber shins, CNVII deafness, snuffles (nasal discharge), saddle nose. Treat mom asap to prevent

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cause of Jarish-Herxheimer

killing syphilis->flu like syndrome due to increased LPS and cytokines frmo lysed cells

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chlamydia A-C, D-K L1 and L2 L3 differences

ABC is the blidnes sand follic conjunctiivits in africa
D-K is your STD and PID guy (also neonatal pnemonia with eosinophilia), neonatal conjunc (1-2 weeks after birth later than n gonn, get in birth ganal0
L1,L2,L# is thesmall painless ulcers on genitals->swollen painfl lymph nodes
tx with doxy

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key test and agar for M pneumonia

``` cold aggltinoaton (IgM) Eaton agar ```

Captains wheel fungi

paracoccidiomycosis (altin america, very large)

cause of oncomycosi

tinea unguinum

cause of tinea versiciolor

malessia spp (spaghetti and meatballs apperance on microscopy). Degrade lipids->make acids-> damage melanocytes. Tx selenium sulfide

pseudohyphae 20c, germ tube at 37

candida

septate hyphae at 45 degree angle

aspergillus

narrow budding, heavily encapsulated, not dimorphic

cryptococcus

irregular, broad, nonseptate, WIDE angles

mucor and rhizopus

cigar shaped yeast

sporothrix schneckii (rose garden guy)

oocysts on acid fast stain

crytosporidium (aids diarrhea) | tx nitazoxanide

trophozoites iwth engulfed RBCs

``` entomeba histolitica (amebesis, liverv abscess anchovy paste guy) tx metron ```

multinucleated trophozoites or cysts in stool

giardia | tx metron

amoebas in spinal fluid

naeglergia fowleri

trypomastogote in blood smear

teste fly; trypanosoma brucei; african sleeping sicnkess tryp cruzi as well

trophozoite ring within RBC; schizont containg merozites, red granules (schnuffer stipping) in RBC cytoplasm

P vivax, falci, malariae

fever cycles, hypnozite prsence for malaria

p vivax/ovale: tertian, 48 hour, tertian, add primaquine (has hypnozite, check for G6PD first) p malariae 72 hour (quat) p falciparum (irregular)

malteses cross blood smear

babesia (tx atovaquone and azithro)

tx for tryp cruzi

benznidazole, nifurtimox

macrophages containing amastogotes, tx

leishmani donovani, sanfly mediated, tx with ampho b and stibugluconate

trich vag dx

wet mount (strawberry cervix)

anal pin worms

enterobius vermicularis

rhabiditform larvae seen in feces under microscope

asstronglyoides stercoralis; can mimic peptic ulcer

parasite: periorbital edema, fever, vomiting, nausea, myalgia

trichinella spiralis (underocoked meat esp pork)

parasite causing rectal prolapse in kids

trichuris trichiura (whipworm)

parasite causing myocarditis, can affect cns liver and eyes too

toxocara canis tx bendazole

river blindness and tx

onchocerca volvulusi; female blackfly transmission, skin changes, loss of elastic fibers, river blindness tx ivermectin

worm in eye, swelling in skin

loa loa tx diethylcarbamazine

elephanitis, invasion of lymph nodes and lymph edema

wuchereria bancrofti (tx diethylcarbamazine)

cysticercociss, neurocystirecosi and tx

taenia solium, tx with prizquantel

vit b12 from parasite (why)

tapeworm competes for b12---praziquantel

Eggshell calcifications and liver, concerning complication

Echinococcus granulosus (anaphylaxis when removing, give something to prevnet) tx with bendazole

lateral spine parasite, HSM

S mansoni tx prazi

egg with terminal spine, can cause squamous cell carcinoma of bladder, pulm htn

s haematobium tx with praziquantel

pigmented gallstones, assoc with cholangiocarcinoma parasite

clonorchis sinesis tx with praziquantel

cause of scabies, where they burrow, tx

Sarcoptes scabei; burrow into strat]um corneum, serpingous burrows in webspace of hands and feet tx permethrin cream, washing/drying all clothing/bedding, treat close contacts

cause of headlice and body lice

blood sucking lice, pediculus humanus/phthirus pubis; treat with pyrethroids, malathion, ivermectin lotin, nit combing

only single stranded dna virus

parvovirus

dna virus that doesnt replicate in nucleus

pox virus (has own dna dependent rna polymerase), also is the only non icosahedral is cmoplex

rna virus that doesnt replicate in cytoplasm

orthomyxovivrus

dna viruses with circular genomes

papilloma, polyoma (circular, supercoiled), hep b is circular incomplete

name DNA viruses

``` HHAPPPPy hepadna herpes adeno pox parvo pappillo polyoma ```

naked viruses

give PAPPrna viruses smears and CPR to a naked hippie dna = PAPP, papillomavirus, adneovirus, parvovirus, polyomavirus rna = CPR Calcivirus, Picorna virus reovirus last one is herpes virus (heppe)

only ds rna virus

reovirus

rna viruses

I went to a retro (retrovirus) toga (togavirus) party, where I drank flavored (Flavivirus) Corona (coronavirus) and ate hippie (hepevirus) california (calicivirus) pickles (picornavirus)

Hep D needing the Hep B envelope protein to infect is an example of?

Complementation (nonmutated virus complements mutated virus by making a functional protein that serves both viruses)

polyoma virus sx

JC Virus and BK virus (immunocomp PML in HIV for JC, BK is kidney transplant patients)

what disease results in a rash if you give them amoxicillin or ampicillin

EBV (HHV4)

receptor used by CMV

integrins (heparan sulfate)

receptor used by EBV

CD21 (on B cells)

receptor used by HIV

CD4, CXCR4, CCR5

receptor used by Parvovirus B19

P antigen on RBCs

receptor used by rhinovirus

ICAM1

segmented viruses

BOAR (Bunya, Ortho, Arena, Reo)

Negative stranded viruses

Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication Arenavirus, Bunya virus, paramyxoviru, orthomyxovirus, filovirus, rhabdovirus

Palivizumab

monoclonal antibody against F protein that prevents RSV pneumonia

linear ulcers on endoscopy, apperance on histology

CMV; intranuclear (owl eye) inclusion bodies

vaginal ph of three vaginitis

``` bact vaginosis (garden), trich vag, both over 4.5 (trich is also motile, bat is clue cells) candida is normal (4.0-4.5), tx with azoles ```

skim first aid Flashcards

(81 cards)