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Human Biology > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Integumentary

A

Skin, nails, hair, and glands

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2
Q

Epidermis

A

avascular; no blood vessels; stratified squamous

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3
Q

dermis

A

connective tissue

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4
Q

keratinocytes

A

majority of skin cells; as cells age, filled w/ keratin (protein)

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5
Q

Melanocytes

A

filled w/ melanin; absorb UV light

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6
Q

hypodermis/subcutaneous

A

adipose + areolar; adipose used for insulation

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7
Q

merkel cells

A

touch receptors for heat, cold, itchy, tickling; attached to stratum basale

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8
Q

Lamellar granules

A

keeps moisture in

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9
Q

Apoptosis

A

cell death; lose nuclei, get flat, and die

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10
Q

Moles “nevus”

A

benign overgrowth of melanin

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11
Q

A (asymmetry)

A

both sides of mole are different

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12
Q

B (border)

A

borders are uneven

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13
Q

C (color)

A

black, blue, red, brown w/ white center

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14
Q

D (diameter)

A

bigger than 6mm

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15
Q

E (evolution)

A

changes in size

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16
Q

Albinism

A

genetic condition; has melanocytes but the gene to produce melanin is shut off

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17
Q

Vitaligo

A

auto immune disease that destroys melanocytes

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18
Q

Intradermal

A

goes directly into dermis; absorbed slowly; ex: botox, allergy, TB test

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19
Q

Subcutneous

A

absorbed slowly; ex: insulin

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20
Q

Intramuscular

A

vaccines, antibiotics; absorbed quickly due to lots of blood vessels

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21
Q

Intravenous

A

most quickest; ex: chemo, antibiotics, saline (dehydration)

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22
Q

nails

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A

made up of epidermal cells

23
Q

nail matrix

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A

area of cell division (in the nail); if damaged does NOT grow back

24
Q

Pale nails

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A

indicates anemia; heart/kidney disease

25
white nails
liver issues (hepatitis)
26
Yellow nails
fungal infection
27
Blue nails
lack of oxygen; cardio issue
28
Rippled nails
early sign of arthritis or psorasis
29
Cracked/split nails
thyroid disease
30
Black/brown streak nail
indicates melanoma
31
White spots
injury; result from stress
32
Biotin
vitamin to make nails strong; 2.5mg; food: eggs, nuts, bananas, cauliflower
33
papilla
area for blood supply
34
hair matrix
single layer of epidermal cells for cell division
35
alopecia
auto immune disease that attacks hair follicle; patches of hair loss
36
baldness
genetic condition inherited by x chromosome; hair follicle made unproductive/falls out
37
arrector pili muscle
causes goosebumps
38
Glands
sweat, sebaceous, and ceruminous
39
Ceruminous gland
earwax; anything to do with the ear
40
Sebaceous gland
coats hair to prevent drying; prevents bacteria infections; sebum (triglyceride, proteins, cholesterol); found in dermis
41
sweat glands
eccrine and apocrine
42
eccrine
seen in palms + soles of feet; regulates body heat; active at birth
43
apocrine
found in arm pit, facial area, + groin; activated by stress and sexual stimulation; starts to work at puberty
44
epidermis + dermis...
makes up the skin
45
cytocrine secretion
found in stratum basale or stratum spinosum
46
purpose of subcutaneous
provides nutrients
47
what layers have keratinocytes?
all layers
48
hemoglobin
pinkish skin tone
49
carotene
yellowish-orange skin tone
50
What causes sweat to stink?
bacteria
51
Stratum basale
has melanocytes; merkel cells attached to bottom; only layer where cell division occurs
52
Stratum spinosum
has langerhan cells
53
langerhan cells
protects from UV + helps w/ immunity
54
Stratum granulosum
lamellar granules

Human Biology (19 decks)

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