SKIN

Question 1

stratified squamous epithelium - can prevent loss of water.

Answer 1

Dehydration

Question 2

protects us from entry of pathogens by keeping the skin healthy or unbroken.

Answer 2

Microbes

Question 3

disease causing microbes

Answer 3

Pathogens

Question 4

study of diseases.

Answer 4

Pathology

Question 5

Healthy unbroken skin is always our (blank) of defense to prevent the entry of pathogens

Answer 5

First line

Question 6

Sensory receptors detect heat, cold, touch, pressure, pain:

Answer 6

Sensation

Question 7

are “NERVES” that recieves info and deliver to brain.

Answer 7

Sensory receptors

Question 8

needed in calcium homeostasis.

Answer 8

Vit. D production

Question 9

INFO

Answer 9

Sun don’t provides vit. D but rather UV rays only.

• Sun activates vit. D, calcium then will be absorbed easily which makes bones stronger.

Question 10

FUNCTIONS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Answer 10

-protection
-UV
-sensation
-Microbes
-temperature regulation
-excretion

Question 11

amount of blood flow and activity of sweat glands.

Answer 11

Temperature Regulation

Question 12

Normal Temperature

Answer 12

37°c

Question 13

Freezing point

Answer 13

0°c

Question 14

(prevents blood from escaping to keep you warm from the surface.)

Answer 14

Colds

Question 15

escapes to normalize body temperature / body heat from the surface:

Answer 15

Hot

Question 16

INFO

Answer 16

Normal blush- low temperature
Rush of blood - cold

Question 17

release waste products and through gland secretion.

Answer 17

Excretion

Question 18

Eliminate

Answer 18

Excretion

Question 19

Produce

Answer 19

Secretion

Question 20

2 MAJOR TISSUE LAYERS OF THE SKIM

Answer 20

-EPIDERMIS
-DERMIS

Question 21

layer of stratified squamous epithelium

• Prevents water loss (microbes, UV Rays).

-resist abrasion

• Keratinization.

-Forms strata/layers-5layers
(thinner layer made of 5 layers. Stratum singular)

• responsible for protection

AVASCULAR (without blood vessels)

Answer 21

Epidermis

Question 22

deepest

Answer 22

S. Basale

Question 23

Most superficial

Answer 23

S. Corneum

Question 24

layer of dense connective tissue w/ fibroblast, fat cells, macrophages.

• Collagen and elastic fibers are responsible for most of the structural strength.

-Cleavage or tension lines.

• dermal papillae
  -“TRUE SKIN”( thicker layer)
  -has to do with the major functions.
• nerve endings located
  -with blood vessels

Answer 24

Dermis

Question 25

extensions of the dermis up towards the epidermis. - to supply blood & oxygen into the epidermis. -form of fingerprint Ithumbs that makes you unique.

Answer 25

Dermal papillae

Question 26

It is protein process keratin becomes deposited into cytoplasm. Cells begin to harden provides extra protection subjected to the surfaces, hard parts of the body, friction.

Answer 26

Keratinization

Question 27

(huge WBC that engulf foreign bodies)/ Phagocytize for bacterias. big cell eating

Answer 27

Macrophages

Question 28

Below the skin, not part of skin; subcutaneous tissues. LOW SKIN

Answer 28

Hypodermis

Question 29

pigment that gives human color; responsible for the color of the skin, hair, eyes. shade of brown to black

Answer 29

MELANIN

Question 30

What leads to skin variations when there's only one pigment?

Answer 30

the amount of melanin produced in the skin. -lesser the amount of melanin- Lighter skin -greater the amount of melanin- Black skin

Question 31

(green) that has red insides. - Cell produced melanin

Answer 31

Melanocyte —> (green) that has red insides. - Cell produced melanin nucleus (violet (purple) nucleolus (dark)

Question 32

red inside melanocytes. - (Phagocytosis)tiny sacs carries pigment (melanin) formed by membranes of Golgi body apparatus, now it is ... -Stored Melanin

Answer 32

Melanosomes

Question 33

genetic condition prevents production of melanin. - recessive genetic trait. ex. Redford white

Answer 33

Albinism

Question 34

•How can epidermis protects us from UV rays?

Answer 34

Melanocytes that produce melanin. Melanin- shields us from UV rays

Question 35

effect of hormones; - may show darker areas of skin parts; aumpit, neck

Answer 35

CAUSE SKIN VARIATIONS

Question 36

outgrow / derivative of our skin. • found in all parts of the skin except lips, palms, soles of feet, nipples, some parts of genitalia.

Answer 36

HAIR

Question 37

where each hair arises from - begins from the epidermis deepen to (envaginate) dermis. envagination into dermis.

Answer 37

Hair follicle

Question 38

below the skin

Answer 38

Hair Root

Question 39

visible above the skin (arise from the skin)

Answer 39

Hair Shaft

Question 40

base of the hair root / expanded base of the hair root.

Answer 40

Hair Bulb

Question 41

INSIDE THE HAIR THERE ARE DIFFERENT LAYERS:

Answer 41

Cortex Medulla Cuticle

Question 42

outer layer; Harder layer of the hair.

Answer 42

Cortex

Question 43

softer center.

Answer 43

MEDULLA

Question 44

- outer wrapped by a (blank) - covering the entire hair made up of single layer of cells that covers the cortex.

Answer 44

Cuticle

Question 45

1.)Hair Produced from ↓ rest on the hair papilla ↓ 2.)extension of the dermis.

Answer 45

HAIR BULB HAIR PAPILLAE

Question 46

hair is formed from the epithelial cells of the hair bulb. -Cells are actually keratinized. - Grows longer due to accumulation of more dead cells / keratinized at the hair bulb pushing up the columns of the hair.

Answer 46

Growth Stage

Question 47

- hair doesn't lengthen long duration of time/period, stays that way (eyelash, eyebrows) -than hair— longer growing period, more length. (hair).

Answer 47

Rest stage

Question 48

- simple contubular that produce THICK secretion. - rich in organic substance release during the time especially during puberty. Active in puberty found in armpit, genetalia. -secretion is usually odorless : Bacteria acts on it (Body odor)

Answer 48

APOCRINE SWEATGLANDS

Question 49

-release sweat by the glands - found almost all parts of the skin palm, sole, dapa-dapa) -Produce WATERY secretion which evaporates and cools the body. -helps in regulating body temperature

Answer 49

MEROCRINE SWEATGLANDS)

Question 50

Closely associated with the hair follicle.

Answer 50

SEBACEOUS GLAND

Question 51

needed to be released to the hair to soften & nourish.

Answer 51

Sebum Oil

Question 52

MEMORIZE ANATOMY OF NAIL

Answer 52

-free edge(cut/nautod) - nail body put nail polish) -Lunula of crescent-while-shape) - Eponychium (cuticle) - skin after lunula (cuts using nipper) -nail root (where the nail grows from) - nail is attached to the underlying NAIL BED