Skin

Question 1

What are examples of benign skin conditions?

Answer 1

• Fibroepithelial polyps. - Naevi (moles) - Sebaceous cyst - Seborrhoeic Keratosis - Haemangioma

Question 2

What are fibroepithelial polyps?

Answer 2

• Common - middle ages and older people. - Neck, trunk, grain, face and axilla. - Flesh-coloured, ‘bag-like’ lesions - ‘skin-tags’

Question 3

What are naevi?

Answer 3

• AKA moles. - Proliferation of melanocytes (pigment-producing cells). - Naevus cells within the: 1) dermo-epidermal junction 2) dermo-epithermal junction and dermis 3) just in the dermis.

Question 4

What are sebaceous cysts?

Answer 4

• 2 types of cyst (epidermal and pilar) - Derived from invagination of epithelium.

Question 5

What are seborrhoeic keratosis?

Answer 5

• Middle-aged and older people. - Arise spontaneously. - Trunk, head and neck.

Question 6

What are haemongiomas?

Answer 6

• Benign vascular tumours of the dermis. - Tend to occur in children - blue-red surface.

Question 7

What are examples of malignant skin conditions?

Answer 7

• Basal cell carcinoma. - Bowen’s Disease - Squamous cell carcinoma. - Melanoma

Question 8

What is basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 8

• Most common human cancer. - Slow growing tumours that rarely metastasize. - Occur at sun-exposed sites.

Question 9

What is Bowen’s disease?

Answer 9

• Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma. - Epidermal dysplasia - sun damage.

Question 10

What is squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 10

• Second-commensal skin tumour of sun-exposed sites in older people.

Question 11

What is skin melanoma?

Answer 11

• Fairly common - sun-damaged skin. - Can be very aggressive and spread widely.

Question 12

What are examples of skin rashes?

Answer 12

• Eczema - Psoriasis - Scabies

Question 13

What is eczema?

Answer 13

• Many different skin conditions, can affect any part of body. - Itching, burning rash, blisters.

Question 14

What is psoriasis?

Answer 14

• Commonly affects elbows, knees, scalp, lumbosacral area and penis. - Associated with nail changes, arthritis, myopathy, enterpopathy and spandylic joint disease. - Well differentiated, salmon pink plaques with silver scaling.

Question 15

What is scabies?

Answer 15

• Common and very itchy - caused by scabies mites. - Spread by skin-to-skin contact. - Mites found in web spaces of the fingers and palms, wrists, ankles and soles of feet. - Burrows appear as small-greyish lines on the skin.

Question 16

What are the symptoms of meningitis?

Answer 16

• Unwell- headache, stiff neck, photophobia, aching limbs. - Rapid deterioration. - Develop as rash or tiny ‘pin-prick’ spots which develop into purple bruising which is non-blanching