Skin

Question 1

Bluish Skin is called

Answer 1

Cyanosis

Question 2

What is yellowish skin called?

Answer 2

Jaundice

Question 3

Redness on skin is called

Answer 3

Erythema

• hyperemia
• polycythemia
• carbon monoxide poisoning
• Venous stasis

Question 4

Dry skin is called

Answer 4

xerosis

Question 5

Oily skin is called

Answer 5

seborrhea

Question 6

itchy skin is called

Answer 6

pruritus

Question 7

Macule is

Answer 7

flat non-palpable lesions that you cant see and are less than 1 cm. Solely a color change, flat, and circumscribed.

ex: freckles, measles, petechiae, hypopigmentation

Question 8

Papules are

Answer 8

something you can feel. solid, elevated, circumscribed, less than 1 cm in diameter. caused by superficial thickening in the epidermis.

ex: elevated nevus (mole), wart (verruca)

Question 9

Vesicles are

Answer 9

elevated cavity containing free fluid, up to 1 cm; a “blister”
clear serum flows if wall is ruptured

Question 10

Wheals are

Answer 10

superficial, raised, transient, & erythematous; slightly irregular shape from edema

ex: mosquito bite, allergic reaction

Question 11

Bulla is

Answer 11

larger than 1 cm diameter; usually single chambered; superficial in epidermis; thin walled so ruptures easily.

ex: friction blister, burns

Question 12

Senile lentigines is

Answer 12

liver spots, small, flat, brown macules after extensive sun exposure

Question 13

Seborrheic keratoses is

Answer 13

benign, greasy wart like lesions that are yellow brown in color. can appear anywhere on body but are seen frequently on neck, chest, & back

Question 14

Herpes Zoster (shingles)

Answer 14

small, group vesicles emerge along route of cutaneous sensory nerve, then pustules, then crust. caused by the varicella zoster virus, a reactivation of the dormant virus chickenpox.

Question 15

Lichenification is

Answer 15

prolonged, intense scratching eventually thickens skin and produces tightly packed sets of papules; looks like surface of moss (or lichen)

Question 16

Stage 1 pressure ulcer

Answer 16

intact skin appears red but unbroken; does not blanch

Question 17

Stage 2 pressure ulcer

Answer 17

partial thickness skin erosion with loss epidermis or also the dermis. superficial ulcer looks shallow like an abrasion or open blister with red pink wound bed

Question 18

Stage 3 pressure ulcer

Answer 18

full thickness pressure ulcer extending into the subcutaneous tissue and resembling a crater. May see fat

Question 19

Stage 4 pressure ulcer

Answer 19

Full thickness pressure ulcer involves all skin layers & extends into supporting tissue. Exposes muscle, tendon or bone and may show slough or eschar

Question 20

Cholasma is

Answer 20

an irregular brown patch of hyperpigmentation on the face, common in pregnancy or people taking oral contraceptives; disappears after delivery or when stop taking pills

Question 21

Linea nigra is

Answer 21

a brownish black line down the midline of the abdomen in pregnant women

Question 22

Mongolian spots are

Answer 22

Hyperpigmentated, blue-black to purple macular area at the sacrum or buttocks but sometimes the abdomen, thighs, shoulders, or arms.

Most common in african american, native american, asian, & hispanic newborns

Question 23

Striae is

Answer 23

jagged linear “stretch marks” of silver to pink color that appear during the second trimester on the abdomen, breasts, & sometimes thighs

Question 24

Cafe au lait spots are

Answer 24

a large round or oval patch of light brown pigmentation (hence the name “coffee with milk”) which is usually present at birth

most common in people of color