skin and fascia

Question 1

skin is the

Answer 1

largest organ of the body

Question 2

two layers of the skin

Answer 2

epidermis (epithelium) and dermis (connective tissue)

Question 3

color of the skin

Answer 3

determined by the amount of melanin secreted by melanocytes in the epidermis

Question 4

places with thick skin

Answer 4

sole and palm

Question 5

places with thin skin

Answer 5

lips

Question 6

Langer’s lines

Answer 6

longitudinal (in the limbs) or transverse (in the trunk) lines due to the orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis

Question 7

importance of langer’s lines

Answer 7

surgical importance as incisions made parallel to these lines result in better healing and less scarring

Question 8

skin creases

Answer 8

small grooves at the site of the joints that are thin and firmly adherent to the deep fascia by strong bonds of fibrous tissue

Question 9

location of skin creases

Answer 9

prominent to flexor surface of digits, palm, and one

Question 10

importance of skin creases

Answer 10

facilitates movement

Question 11

Fascia

Answer 11

layer beneath the skin consisting of superficial and deep fascia

Question 12

superficial fascia

Answer 12

loose areolar connective tissue that consists of adipose tissue, collagen, and elastic fibers. It connects the deep fascia to the dermis

Question 13

sites where superficial fascia is firmly attached

Answer 13

scalp, palm and sole, back of the neck

Question 14

sites where superficial fascia is loosely attached

Answer 14

dorsal of the foot and hands

Question 15

sites where superficial fascia lacks adipose tissue

Answer 15

penis, scrotum, clitoris, eyelids, and auricle of the ear

Question 16

sites where superficial fascia is rich in adipose tissue

Answer 16

breast and buttocks

Question 17

functions of superficial fascia

Answer 17

facilitates movement of the skin
consists of blood vessels, nerves, lymph glands, and sometimes muscle
keeps constant temperature due to its bad conductivity of heat
gives body its shape
holds skin firmly by collagen

Question 18

dermis components

Answer 18

nerves
blood vessels
lymphatics
hair follicles
sebaceous and sweat glands

Question 19

deep fascia

Answer 19

dense fibrous membranous layer of connective tissue that invests muscle (absent in face, thin trunk, well developed in limbs)

Question 20

Functions of the deep fascia

Answer 20

assist muscle action by the pressure that it exerts
forms the septa which separates limbs into compartments
thickened sole and palm form aponeurosis that protect deep structures
thickened around some joints to form the retinacula that holds the tendons
fibrous flexor sheath stabilizes tendons
helps venous return against gravity by distension of compartments thus squeezing the blood into the vein towards the heart