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micro test 3 > skin and wounds (starts on slide 1) > Flashcards

skin and wounds (starts on slide 1) Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the major symptoms of an Abscess/Folliculitis

A 
Red, itching, 
burning…may drain 
pus, blood, or both
(pimple, sty, furuncle, 
carbuncle)
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2
Q

what are the causative organisms of an abscess/folliculitis

A

Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus

epidermidis

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3
Q

what type of pathogen is abscess/folliculitis

A

bacteria gram(+)

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4
Q

what is the mode of transmission of an abscess/folliculitis

A

Direct contact/fomites

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5
Q

what are the key associations of Staphylococcus aureus abscess/folliculitis

A

More likely cause of
folliculitis; may get
“Methicillin Resistant S.
aureus” (MRSA)

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6
Q

what are the key associations of Staphylococcus

epidermidis abscess/folliculitis

A

More predominant on
skin, but NOT most
likely to cause
folliculitis

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7
Q

what is the major symptoms of “Hot Tub” Folliculitis

A

small “pimples” on
stomach, buttocks,
arms, and legs

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8
Q

what is the Causative Organism of “Hot Tub” Folliculitis

A

Pseudomonas

aeruginosa

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9
Q

what type of pathogen is “Hot Tub” Folliculitis

A

Bacteria (Gram -)

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10
Q

what is the mode of transmission of “Hot tub” folliculitis

A

using a poorly chlorinated hot tub or spa

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11
Q

what are the major symptoms of Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)

A 
Reddening of skin; 
begins near mouth, 
spreads over entire 
body; skin peels off in 
sheets
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12
Q

what are the causative organisms of Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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13
Q

what type of pathogen is Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)

A

Bacteria (Gram +)

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14
Q

what is the mode of transmission of Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)

A

Direct contact/fomites

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15
Q

what are the key associations of Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)

A

Can be mistaken for child abuse

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16
Q

what are the major symptoms of Impetigo (pyoderma)

A

small, flattened red patches on face and limbs; develop into pus fulled vesicles that crust (pyoderma)

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17
Q

what are the causative organisms of Impetigo (pyoderma)

A 
Staphylococcus aureus (80%)  and Streptococcus 
pyogenes (20%)
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18
Q

what type of pathogen is impetigo (pyoderma)

A

bacteria (gram +)

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19
Q

what is the mode of transmission of impetigo (pyoderma)

A

Direct contact/fomites

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20
Q

what is the key association of impetigo (pyoderma)

A

most common in children

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21
Q

what are the major symptoms of Erysipelas

A

fiery red rash with
sharply defined raised
borders

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22
Q

what are the causative organisms of Erysipelas

A

Streptococcus pyogenes (most cases), occasionally Staphyylococcus aureus

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23
Q

what type of pathogen is Erysipelas

A

bacteria (gram +)

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24
Q

what is the mode of transmission of Erysipelas

A

direct contact/fomites

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25
what are the key associations of Erysipelas
most common in elderly, peak incidence 60-80
26
what are the major symptoms of Necrotizing fasciitis
``` Destruction of muscle and fat tissue (necrosis), spreads along fascia; multiple organ failure ```
27
what type of pathogen is Necrotizing fasciitis
bacteria (gram +)
28
what is the mode of transmission of Necrotizing fasciitis
Person-to-person, enters through breaks in skin
29
what is the causative organisms of Necrotizing fasciitis
Streptococcus | pyogenes
30
what are the key association of Necrotizing fascitis
aka "flesh-eating bacteria"; Emerging disease
31
what are the major symptoms of acne
Infection of hair follicle, | sebaceous glands
32
what is the causative organisms of ance
Propionibacterium | acnes
33
what type of pathogen is acne
bacteria (gram +)
34
what is the mode of transmission of acne
direct contact
35
what is the key association of acne
Cystic acne is most | severe form
36
what is the major symptoms of Cat Scratch | Disease/Fever
Bump or blister at site of injury, lymphadenopathy
37
what is the causative organism of Cat Scratch | Disease/Fever
Bartonella henselae
38
what type of pathogen is Cat Scratch | Disease/Fever
bacteria (Gram -)
39
what is the mode of transmission of Cat Scratch | Disease/Fever
Cat scratches, licks, or | bites
40
what is the major symptoms of Pseudomonas infection
fever, chills, and the production of purulent matter in infected wounds
41
what is the causative organism of Pseudomonas infection
Pseudomonas | aeruginosa
42
what type of pathogen is Pseudomonas infection
bacteria (gram -)
43
what is the mode of transmission of Pseudomonas infection
opportunistic
44
what are the key associations of Pseudomonas infection
``` produces a blue-green pigment called pyocyanin; Infections of severe burns are pervasive ```
45
``` what are the major symptoms of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) ```
``` fever, headache, chills, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting; non-itchy spotted rash on trunk and appendages, including soles and palms; petechiae ```
46
``` what is the causative organism of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) ```
Rickettsia ricketsii
47
``` what type of pathogen is Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) ```
bacteria (gram -)
48
what is the mode of transmission of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)
Hard ticks vector
49
``` what is the key association of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) ```
Most severe and common Rickettsial illness
50
what are the major symptoms of Cutaneous Anthrax
``` Spreads to form painless, swollen, black, crusty ulcer (eschar); Releases anthrax into blood, producing toxemia ```
51
what is the causative organism of cutaneous anthrax
Bacillus anthracis
52
what type of pathogen is cutaneous anthrax
bacteria (gram +)
53
what is the mode of transmission of Cutaneous Anthrax
Direct contact
54
what is the key association for Cutaneous Anthrax
Cat A Bioterrorist | threat
55
what are the major symptoms of Gas Gangrene
Intense pain; necrosis; foul-smelling; gas bubbles; shock, kidney failure, death
56
what is the causative organism of Gas Gangrene
Clostridium perfringens
57
what type of pathogen is Gas Gangrene
bacteria (gram +)
58
what is the mode of transmission of Gas Gangrene
``` Fecally contaminated soil/water -- traumatic event must introduce endospores into dead tissue ```
59
what is the key association of Gas Gangrene
Rapid treatment is | crucial
60
what are the major symptoms of Smallpox | aka Variola
Pox lesions that progress through series of stages
61
what is the causative organism of Smallpox | aka Variola
Smallpox virus | Orthopoxvirus
62
what type of pathogen is Smallpox | aka Variola
DNA Virus
63
what is the mode of tranmission of Smallpox | aka Variola
primarily through inhalation
64
what is the key association of Smallpox | aka Variola
Only human disease eradicated worldwide; Cat A Bioterrorist threat; BSL-4
65
what are the major symptoms of Molluscum | Contagiosum
Raised, pearl-like, waxy | papules
66
what is the causative organism of Molluscum | Contagiosum
Molluscum contagiosum virus (Molluscipoxvirus)
67
what type of pathogen is Molluscum | Contagiosum
DNA Virus
68
what is the mode of transmission of Molluscum | Contagiosum
Direct contact | sometimes STD
69
what is the key association of Molluscum | Contagiosum
Condoms may not | afford protection
70
what are the major symptoms of monkeypox
Pox lesions that progress through series of stages
71
what is the causative organism of monkeypox
Moneypox virus | Orthopoxvirus
72
what type of pathogen is monkeypox
DNA Virus
73
what is the mode of transmission of monkeypox
Primarily through | inhalation
74
what is the key association of monkeypox
Emerging disease; less | serious than smallpox
75
what are the major symptoms of Herpes labialis | oral herpes
Recurrent, painful, slow spreading blisters on face/mouth
76
what is the causative organism of Herpes labialis | oral herpes
Mainly Human Herpes Virus (HHV-1) (aka Herpes Simplex )
77
what type of pathogen is Herpes labialis | oral herpes
DNA Virus
78
what is the mode of transmission of Herpes labialis | oral herpes
close contact with active lesions
79
what is the key association of Herpes labialis | oral herpes
latent virus usually in trigeminal ganglia; “above the waist herpes”
80
what are the major symptoms of Herpetic Whitlow
Recurrent, painful, slow spreading blisters on finger
81
what is the causative organism of Herpetic Whitlow
Mainly HHV-1 | aka Herpes Simplex
82
what type of pathogen is Herpetic Whitlow
DNA Virus
83
what is the mode of transmission of Herpetic Whitlow
close contact with active lesions
84
what is the key association of Herpetic Whitlow
latent virus usually in brachial ganglia; “above the waist herpes”
85
what are the major symptoms of Herpes gladiatorum
Recurrent, painful, slow spreading blisters anywhere on body
86
what is the causative organism of Herpes gladiatorum
Mainly HHV-1 | aka Herpes Simplex
87
what type of pathogen is Herpes gladiatorum
DNA Virus
88
what is the mode of transmission of Herpes gladiatorum
close contact with active lesions
89
what is the key association of Herpes gladiatorum
latent virus in various ganglia; associated with contact sports
90
what are the major symptoms of Chickenpox | aka Varicella
extremely itchy, fluid-filled blisters all over the body
91
what is the causative organism of Chickenpox | aka Varicella
HHV-3 | aka Varicella-Zoster
92
what type of pathogen is Chickenpox | aka Varicella
DNA Virus
93
what is the mode of transmission of Chickenpox | aka Varicella
Highly infectious disease - through the respiratory tract or eyes
94
what is the key association of Chickenpox | aka Varicella
most often affects children, more serious in adults
95
what are the major symptoms of Shingles | aka herpes zoster
Painful, blistering skin rash that follows dermatome (usually unilateral)
96
what is the causative organism of Shingles | aka herpes zoster
HHV-3 | aka Varicella-Zoster
97
what type of pathogen is Shingles | aka herpes zoster
DNA Virus
98
what is the mode of transmission of Shingles | aka herpes zoster
Reactivated latent virus in 15% of people who have had chickenpox
99
what is the key association of Shingles | aka herpes zoster
``` shingles follow dermatome; latent virus in spinal DRG; post-herpetic neuralgia complication of shingles ```
100
what are the major symptoms of warts
Benign epithelial growths on the skin or mucous membranes
101
what is the causative organism of warts
Human Papillomavirus | HPV
102
what type of pathogen is warts
DNA Virus
103
what is the mode of transmission of warts
Direct contact, fomites, | autoinoculation
104
what is the key association of warts
``` Common warts (papillomas): seed warts (fingers, toes), plantar warts (feet), flat warts (trunk, face, elbows, knees) ```
105
what are the major symptoms of Rubella | aka German Measles
Rash of flat, pink to red | spots
106
what is the causative organism of Rubella | aka German Measles
Rubella Virus
107
what type of pathogen is Rubella | aka German Measles
RNA Virus
108
what is the mode of transmission of Rubella | aka German Measles
Spread in the air via | respiratory droplets
109
what is the key association of Rubella | aka German Measles
in pregnant women causes congenital rubella syndrom
110
what are the major symptoms of Measles | aka Rubeola
``` Koplik’s spots appear on the mucous membrane of the mouth; rash then appears on the head and spread over the body ```
111
what is the causative organism of Measles | aka Rubeola
Measles virus | Morbillivirus
112
what type of pathogen is Measles | aka Rubeola
RNA Virus
113
what is the mode of transmission of Measles | aka Rubeola
Spread in the air via respiratory droplets (highly contagious)
114
what is the key association of Measles | aka Rubeola
``` sometimes causes subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE); Vaccine has eliminated endemic measles in the US ```
115
what are the major symptoms of Erythema infectiosum
Reddening of skin that resemples slap, aggravated by sunlight
116
what is the causative organism of Erythema infectiosum
Parvovirus B19
117
what type of pathogen is Erythema infectiosum
DNA Virus
118
what is the mode of transmission of Erythema infectiosum
``` Spread mostly by droplets; once the rash is present, the person is usually no longer infectious ```
119
what is the key association of Erythema infectiosum
aka fifth disease, “slapped cheek” syndrome
120
what are the major symptoms of Roseola
Rose-colored rash, mononucleosis-like symptoms
121
what is the causative organism of Roseola
HHV-6 | aka Roseolovirus
122
what type of pathogen is Roseola
DNA Virus
123
what is the mode of transmission of Roseola
Person to person, most likely by transfer of oral secretions
124
what is the key association of Roseola
May be linked to Multiple Sclerosis; may make people more susceptible to AIDS
125
what are the major symptoms of Coxsackie A virus infection (Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
lesions like herpes (herpetic angina) in mouth, palms of hands, soles of feet
126
what is the causative organism of Coxsackie A virus infection (Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
Coxsackie A virus
127
what type of pathogen is Coxsackie A virus infection (Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
RNA Virus
128
what is the mode of transmission of Coxsackie A virus infection (Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
fecal-oral route
129
what are the causative organisms of Piedra
Piedraia Hortae and Trichosporon beiglii
130
what are the major symptoms of Piedra caused by Trichosporon beiglii
Soft, grayish-white, irregular nodules on the hair shaft
131
what are the major symptoms of Piedra caused by Piedraia Hortae
Hard, black, irregular nodules on the hair shaft
132
what type of pathogen is piedra
Fungus
133
what is the mode of transmission of piedra
Opportunistic pathogen; often transmitted via shared hair brushes and combs
134
what is the key association of Piedra caused by Trichosporon beiglii
white Piedra
135
what is the key association of Piedra caused by Piedraia Hortae
black piedra
136
what are the major symptoms of Pityriasis versicolor
Hypo- or hyperpigmented patches of scaly ski
137
what is the causative organism of Pityriasis versicolor
Malassezia furfur
138
what type of pathogen is Pityriasis versicolor
Fungus
139
what is the mode of transmission of Pityriasis versicolor
opportunistic pathogen
140
what is the key association of Pityriasis versicolor
takes months to return to normal; identified by green color under UV light
141
what are the major symptoms of Dermatophytoses (aka | "Ringworm")
Red, raised lesions on specific body region; white/yellow thickening of nails
142
what is the causative organism of Dermatophytoses (aka | "Ringworm")
Epidermophyton sp., Microsporum sp., Trichophyton sp.
143
what type of pathogen is Dermatophytoses (aka | "Ringworm")
Fungus
144
what is the mode of transmission of Dermatophytoses (aka | "Ringworm")
direct contact/fomites
145
what is the key association of Dermatophytoses (aka | "Ringworm")
``` tinea pedis (athlete’s foot); tinea cruris (jock itch); tinea corporis (trunk), tinea capitis (head); tinea unguium (onychomycosis) ```
146
what are the major sympotoms of Sporotrichosis
``` Cutaneous sporotrichosis: nodular lesions around the infection site; Lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis: secondary lesions occur on the skin along the course of lymphatic vessels ```
147
what is the causative organism of Sporotrichosis
Sporothrix schenckii
148
what type of pathogen is Sporotrichosis
Fungus
149
what is the mode of transmission of Sporotrichosis
Opportunistic pathogen - thorn prick or splinters allow transmission
150
what is the key association of Sporotrichosis
aka rose-gardener’s | disease
151
what are the major symptoms of Leishmaniasis
``` Cutaneous: large painless skin lesions; Mucocutaneous: Skin lesions enlarge to encompass mucous membranes; Visceral: Parasite is spread by macrophages throughout body ```
152
what is the causative organism of Leishmaniasis
Leishmania sp. (L. braziliensis, L. donovani, L. tropica)
153
what type of pathogen is Leishmaniasis
Protozoan
154
what is the mode of transmission of Leishmaniasis
sand fly vector
155
what is the key association of Leishmaniasis
Nicknamed “Baghdad Boil”; visceral leishmaniasis aka kala azar
156
what are the major symptoms of Scabies
intense itching and rash of small red bumps at infection site; often linear
157
what is the causative organism of Scabies
Sarcoptes scabiei
158
what type of pathogen is Scabies
Mite
159
what is the mode of transmission of Scabies
Prolonged bodily contact
160
what is the key association of Scabies
``` May see characteristic "burrows" or "tunnels"; Epidemics occur in crowded conditions ```
161
what is tinea pedis from dermatophytoses
athletes foot
162
what is tinea cruris from dermatophytoses
jock itch
163
what is tinea corporis from dermatophytoses
trunk
164
what is tinea capitis from dermatophytoses
head
165
what is tinea unguium from dermatophytoses
onychomycosis
166
what is another name for dermatophytoses
ringworm
167
what is name for coxsackie A virus
hand, foot and mouth disease
168
what is another name for measles
rubeola
169
what is another name for rubella
german measles
170
what is another name for shingles
herpes zoster
171
what is another name for chickenpox
varicella
172
what is another name for herpes labialis
oral herpes
173
what is another name for smallpox
variola

micro test 3 (3 decks)

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