Skin- Fungus

Question 1

What is tinea capitis

Answer 1

Infection of scalp eye brows, lashes Hair breaks off scalp (ectothrix) Formation of spores on hair (endothrix)

Question 1

Tinea pedis characteristics

Answer 1

Athletes foot Agents: T mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, E. floccosum

Question 2

Tinea barbae

Answer 2

Infection of beard Usually zoophilic T. verrucosum: cattle T. Mentagrophytes: mice, rodents

Question 2

Tinea unguium

Answer 2

Nail infection by dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum T. Mentagrophytes E. Floccosum

Question 3

Only pathogenic species of epidermophyton

Answer 3

E. Floccosum

Question 3

What is the cause of ringworm in skin

Answer 3

T. Tonsurans

Question 3

Tx for sporotrichosis

Answer 3

Oral potassium iodide

Question 4

Mycobacterium Ulcerans (buruli ulcer) vs Mycobacterium marinum

Answer 4

Slow growing Not pigmented Same presentation as Mycobacterium marinum

Question 5

What kind of staining is needed for trichosporon

Answer 5

PAS

Question 5

Cause of black piedra

Answer 5

Piedraia spp

Question 6

Microsopic examination of hair

Answer 6

Collect misshapen, broken hair from scalp Treat with KOH

Question 7

Detect mycobacteria marinum

Answer 7

Acid fast Yellow pigment in light requires 28-30 degrees C

Question 8

Treatment of nail infections

Answer 8

longterm oral systemic antifungal

Question 8

Fungal infections of external otitis

Answer 8

Aspergillus species

Question 9

What other infections found with malassezia furfur

Answer 9

Venous catheters Seborrheic dermatitis Dandruff

Question 9

Endothrix ringworm of scalp

Answer 9

T tonsurans

Question 10

Characteristics of E. Floccosum spores

Answer 10

Macroconidia Smooth walled large

Question 11

Presentation of white piedra

Answer 11

Asymptomatic growth on hair shaft White nodules easily pulled off Warm moist conditions predispose

Question 13

Tinea nigra characteristics

Answer 13

Superficial skin infection (stratum corneum) Brow to black lesions on skin (palm/soles)

Question 14

How to examine fungi (general)

Answer 14

PAS stain (gives fuchsin color) Silver stain (black) non fungal will be blue green Sabouraud agar for fungi

Question 16

Microsporum characteristics

Answer 16

Attacks skin and hair, not nails

Question 17

What are hyalohyphomycosis

Answer 17

Non black mold fungal infections Infections caused by non melanized septate, filamentous,

Question 17

Chromoblastomycosis characteristics

Answer 17

Called verrucous dermatitis From soil Gives wart like nodules Painless NO spread of infection

Question 18

Phaeohyphomycosis

Answer 18

Black mold have melanin containing filamentous hyphae Cutaneous/subcutaneous leseion

Question 19

What is Eumycetoma

Answer 19

Madura foot Infection from trauma to feet, lower extremities, hands

Question 20

What is tinea cruris

Answer 20

Jock itch T. rubrum/ e. Floccosum Usually bilateral

Question 20

Mycobacterium Chelonae characteristics

Answer 20

Acid fast Difficult to treat

Question 21

Control of white piedra

Answer 21

Shaving, application of antifungal agents

Question 23

Ectothrix ringworm of scalp

Answer 23

M. Audouinii M Canis M gypseum

Question 25

Trichophyton Characteristics

Answer 25

Attacks skin, hair, nails Life long nail infections Macroconidia smooth walled pencil shaped

Question 26

Microscopic examination of superficial fungal infections of skin

Answer 26

Take scales from advancing border of lesion

Question 27

Characteristics of Mycobacterium marinum disease

Answer 27

Cuts from working around sea water causes infection Chronic non healing lesions to hands, feet

Question 29

What causes white piedra (superficial infection)

Answer 29

Trichosporon

Question 31

Characteristics of Pityriasis versicolor

Answer 31

Superficail chronic rash Fine scaling of upper trunk and shoulders

Question 32

Typical presentation of someone with sporotrichosis

Answer 32

Working in garden got pricks from thorns on rose, swelling on skin

Question 34

What do you grow Trichophyton rubrum plate

Answer 34

Potato dextrose agar (red color)

Question 35

What are sources of fungal infections

Answer 35

Anthropophilic (humans) Zoophilic (animals) Geophilic (soil)

Question 36

UV examination (wood's light) of fungi

Answer 36

Tinea versicolor- gold Tinea capitis by microsporum canis and microsporum audouinii- Bright green Tinea capitis by trichophyton- no fluorescence

Question 37

What is the most common fungal agent in the USA

Answer 37

Pseudoallescheria boydii (petriellidium boydii)

Question 38

What is the presentation of eumycetoma

Answer 38

Swelling leading to abcess formation and then granulomas

Question 40

Black piedra characteristics

Answer 40

Found on shaft of hair typically those in tropics Nodules can not be pulled off

Question 41

What is tinea corporis

Answer 41

Ringworm of upper parts of covered body Most serious chronic infection due to T rubrum

Question 42

Fungal eye infections

Answer 42

Fusarium

Question 43

Epidermophyton characteristics

Answer 43

Attacks skin and nail Not hair

Question 45

Hortae Werneckii characteristics

Answer 45

Colonies smooth, oily, glistening Aged colonies- velvety Hyphae become darker with age Beach soil

Question 46

Macroconidia characteristics

Answer 46

More numerous Rough walls spiny to warty

Question 47

Tinea nigra cause

Answer 47

Hortae werneckii

Question 48

Diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor

Answer 48

Microscopy for M. furfur (spaghetti and meatballs)

Question 49

What causes pityrisasis versicolor

Answer 49

Malassezia furfur

Question 50

What causes Sporotrichosis

Answer 50

Sporothrix schenckii Found: plants, soil, wood, moss

Question 51

What predisposes people to chronic infections

Answer 51

Diabetes Old age Malignancy