skin infections and infestations basics Flashcards

(35 cards)

1
Q

things caused by staphylococcus aureus

A
impetigo
folliculitis
cellulitis
ecthyma
staohylococcal scalded skin syndrome
superinfections of other skin diseases e.g leg ulcers, atopic eczema
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2
Q

conditions caused by streptococcus pyogenes

A
impetigo
cellulitis
ecthyma
eysipelas
scarlet fever
necrotising fasciitis
superinfects other skin diseases e.g leg ulcers
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3
Q

PVL toxin - panton valentine leukocidin

A

s.aureus toxin
pore forming, painful, multi site, recurrent and present in contact
painful
necrotising fasciitis, pneumonia, purpura fulminans

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4
Q

preventing PVL infection

A
close contact
contaminated items
crowding
cleanliness
cuts
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5
Q

treatment of PVL infection

A

antibiotics
nasal ointment
chlorhexidine
treat any contacts

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6
Q

what is folliculitis

A

follicular erythema, can be pustular
infections of non infectious (HIV)

treated by antibiotics - erythormicin
incision and drainage for furunculosis (large)

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7
Q

what is pseudomonal folliculitis (hot tub)

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa
associated w moisture, 1-3 days post exposure to hottub etc
self limiting

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8
Q

furuncle vs carbuncle

A

furuncle - deep abcess of one follicle

carbuncle - deep abscess of several adjacent follicles (can cause cellulitis or septicaemia)

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9
Q

what is cellulitis

A
infection of lower dermis/subcut
tender swelling will ill defined blanching erythema/odemea
usually strep pyogenes of s.aureus
odema predisposes
treated by systemic antibiotics
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10
Q

what is impetigo

A

superficial bac infection, honey coloured crust
staphylococcus
face
topical and systemic antibiotics

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11
Q

what is impetiginisation

A

infection of atopic eczema

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12
Q

what is ecthyma

A

severe impetigo
punch out ulceration

usually lower extrems

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13
Q

what is erysipelas

A

raised red plaque, sharp demarcation and painful
infection of deep dermis and subcut
face or limb

history of fever, malaise, headache
treatment IV antibiotics

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14
Q

corynebacterium causes

A

erythasma - in places that rub e.g armpits

pitted keratinolysis - on sole of foot

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15
Q

scalded skin syndrome

A

neonates, immunocompromised
erythema - blisters (bullae) - wrinkle and exfoliate
staphylococcus aureus
infection at distant site - not cultured from peeling skin
resembles TEN/SJS

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16
Q

what is toxic shock syndrome

A

group A s.aureus

fever, hypotension, diffuse erythema, involvement of systems, mucus membranes and haem

17
Q

what is necrotising fasciitis

A
initial dusky (blue) induration (hard) followed by rapid necrosis
potentially fatal
synergistic - strep,staph etc
mri aids diagnosis
treat with broadspectrum IV antibiotics
18
Q

what is anthrax

A

painless necrotic ulcer + oedema + lymphadenopathy

from contact with hide, bone, wool

19
Q

what is lyme disease

A

target shaped (annular erythema)
infected tick bite
carditis and arthritis and neuroborriolis

20
Q

what is tularaemia

A

infected bite, painful ulcer

ucleroglandular - papule and ulcer on top of each other

21
Q

herpes simplex virus dermatology

A

oral, genital, whitlow, eczema herpeticum
swab and PCR
treat w oral acyclovir, IV if high risk or severe

22
Q

what is oral HSV

A

primary and recurrent vesicular eruptions
transmission can occur asymptomatically
HSV-1 oral
HSV-2 genital

23
Q

how does HSV travel within person

A

replicates at site of infection

travels via dorsal root ganglia

24
Q

what is herpetic whitlow

A

HSV 1 on digits
pain swelling and vesicles

misdiagnosed as paronchyma/dactylitis

25
what is eczema herpeticum
monomorphic punched out erosions/excoriated vesicles medical emergency
26
varicella zoster virus
chickenpox shingles - reactivation itchy, small, can scab highly contagious
27
hand foot and mouth disease
coxsakie
28
measles
spreads from trunk to extremities | small papules
29
what are warts
herpes self limiting but careful in immunocompromised
30
what is ORF
parapoxvirus exposure to sheep/goats goes away on its own
31
what is molluscum contagiosum
poxvirus children n immunocompromised resolve spontaneously
32
notable fungal infections
candidiasis - candida albicans - warm moist areas (diabetes M) aspergillosis - lungs aspergilous
33
what is scabies
sarcoptes white burrows by female then hatch eggs under skin
34
lice
hair body clothes
35
bedbugs
itchy weals, alone at night, painless | need fumigation