Skin & Integumentary System Flashcards
(69 cards)
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) clinical presentation
Abrupt onset of high fever, chills, severe headache, nausea/vomiting, photophobia, myalgia, arthralgia, followed by rasg that erupts 2 to 5 days after onset of fever
RMSF rash appearance
Small red spots (petechiae) that erupt on both the wrist, forearms, and ankles. Can be present on palms and soles. Progresses toward the trunk until it becomes generalized
When does RMSF occur? Who does it affect?
April-September (spring to summer)
Highest frequency among males, native Americans, people >40 years old
Onset 2-14 days
RMSF treatment
1st line treatment doxycycline
DEET containing repellent on skin and permethrin on clothing and gear can repel dog and deer ticks
What is the clinical presentation for brown recluse spider bites?
Systemic sx fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting
Located on the arms, upper legs, trunk
May feel like a pinprick, painless
Swollen, red, tender, blisters appear within 24 to 48 hours
What is Erythema Migrans?
Early Lyme disease
What is the characteristic Erythema Migrans?
Classic lesion is an expanding red rash with central clearing that resembles a target (bulls-eye)
Onset within 7-14 days after a deer tick bite (range, 3-30 days)
Erythema migrans location
Rash is hot to touch and rough texture
Common locations= belt line, axillary area, behind the knees, and groin area
What is erythema migrans symptoms
Flu-like sxs
Most common in the northeastwr regions
Erythema Migrans treatment:
DEET containing repellent on skin and permethrin on clothing and gear to repel deer ticks
What is meningococcemia (meningitis) classic symptoms?
Sudden onset of sore throat, cough, fever, headache, stiff neck, photophobia, and changes in level of consciousness (drowsy, lethargy, coma)
Meningoccemia rash look like
Abrupt onset of petechial to hemorrhage rashes (pink to purple colored)
Occurs in the axillae, flanks, wrist, and ankles
Whomat patient population is at risk for meningococcemia?
1st year college students residing in dormitories & individuals with asplenia (no spleen), defective spleen (sickle cell anemia), HIV infection
What is the treatment for meningitis?
Prevention-vaccination
Rifampin BID for 2 days for closd contacts
Define shingles infection
Sight-threatening condition caused bu reactovation of the herpes zoster virus that is located on the opthalmic branch of the trigrmjnal nerve CN V
What are chief complaints of shingles
Reports sudden eruption of multiple vesicular lesions (ruptures into shallow ulcers with crusts)
Location- one side if the scalp, forehead, sides and the tip of the nose. Eyelid is swollen and red
Photophobia, eye pain, and bluered vision
What are the characteristics of melanoma?
Dark-colored moles with uneven texture, variegated colors, irregular borders (diameter of 6 mm) or larger
Melanoma sx
May be pruritic
If in nail beds (subungual melanoma) aggressive form, lesions located anywhere on the body, including the retina
Melanoma risk factors
Family history, extensive/intense sunlight exposre, blistering sunburn in childhood, tabbing beds, high nevus count/atypical nevus, lighg skin/eyes
Acral lentiginous melanoma
Most common type of melanoma in African Americans & Asians.
Dark brown to black lesions, located on the nail beds (subungual), palmar, and plantar surfaces
Basil cell carcinoma (BCC)
Superfical=pearly or waxy skin lesion, atrophic or ulcerated center that does not heal.
Color-white, light pink, brown, or flesh colored
Risk factor-severe sunburns as a child
Actinic keratosis
C/C- numerous dry, round, and red/colored lesions with a rough texture that do not heal
Lesions are slow growing
Actinic keratosis location
Sun-exposed areas such as cheeks, nose, face, neck, arms, and back
Subungual hematoma
Trauma to the nail beds
Pain & bleeding between the nail bed and the finger/toenail
