Skin Pathologies Flashcards by Robin Erickson

Highly Contagious; Cancerous;
malignant lesions to form in skin, lymph nodes, and other organs; Red, purple, or brown skin blotches.

kaposi’s sarcoma

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Contagious; Wingless insects that tend not to live directly on their host, but in the host’s clothing, especially in the seams. They visit their hosts to take blood meals, causing an itchy reaction. Fairly rare except among homeless and transient populations. Potential vectors of communicable diseases.

Body lice

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Characterized by ruptured vesicles that look more like ulcers than blisters on a red base

Highly contagious

Caused by the herpes simplex virus

Contraindicated for massage

Herpes gladiatorum

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Noncontagious; cancerous. Occurs on areas of the skin exposed to sun. Brown or black shaded regions within the lesion. Coloration can be mistaken for melanoma.

Pigmented basal cell carcinoma

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A thick raised scar, larger than the original wound. Abnormal wound healing wherein extra connective tissue forms within the original wound area

hypertrophic scar

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Noncontagious. Dry, cracked, damaged skin due to exposure to harsh cleansers/chemicals and prolonged work in water. Avoid.

Irritant Contact Dermatitis

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Acne-like pustules- multiple infections in close proximity confined to hair follicles. Caused by bacteria. Avoid.

Folliculitis

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Highly contagious through skin to skin contact. Local infection on skin, red, painful and pus-filled, typically in hair shaft. Caused by staphylococcus aureus.

Boils

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Noncontagious, inflammatory response to chronic and pathological, intense itching/scratching that escalates to localized scaly patches that may become thick. Avoid

Neurodermatitis

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Pre-cancerous. Actinic keratosis of the lips that become scaly, dry and cracked. Caused by exposure to sunlight.

Actinic Cheilitis

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Noncontagious, idiopathic skin condition of the face with small papules/pustules. Exacerbated with stimulation and lubricant.

Papulopustular Acne Rosacea

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Benign skin growth in which epithelial cells proliferate in one spot. Looks like a dark, thick, raised mole. Typically seen in those aged over 50. Avoid

Seborrheic Keratosis

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highly contagious, pre-cancerous, common infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1), fluid-filled blisters on or around the lips

oral herpes simplex

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not contagious, pre-cancerous, inherited genetic disorder that causes a heightened susceptibility to certain HPV infections, flat warts / versicolor-like patches on face, hands feet.

epidermodysplasia verruciformis

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not contagious, pre-cancerous, skin condition that typically appears as a small, fluid-filled sac or pit in the crease of the buttocks, near the tailbone.

pilonidal cyst

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not contagious, cancerous, as a firm, raised lump or lesion on the skin

nodular melanoma

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not contagious, pre-cancerous, injury to the skin and underlying tissue caused by prolonged pressure, often over bony prominences like the hips, heels, or back.

pressure wound

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not contagious, pre-cancerous, a skin reaction that occurs when the skin comes into contact with an allergen, causing an immune response.

allergic contact dermatitis

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not contagious, non-cancerous
idiopathic, chronic skin condition that affects the eye
can cause painful burning, itching, and swelling
triggered by sun, wind, cold temps, drinking hot liquids or alcohol, hot baths, saunas, eating spicy food, perimenopause, use of steroidal/anti-inflammatories on the face, and emotional stress.

ocular acne rosacea

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highly contagious, common, non-cancerous
blisters may appear on genitals, but often appear on thighs, buttocks, and the skin above the sacrum as well
the carrier does not have to have a visible lesion to spread it to other people

genital herpes simplex (HSV-2)

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“athlete’s foot”
- contagious, common, non-cancerous fungal infection
- usually between the third and fourth digits, but can also appear on the heel and sole of the foot
- burns, itches, weeping blisters, cracking, peeling skin, high risk of secondary infection

tinea pedis

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contagious, non-cancerous
-tends to develop on the hands of people who handle raw meat
they look like common warts, but are caused by a different variety of HPV

butcher’s wart

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contagious, non-cancerous
a severe skin infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV)
typically affects individuals with pre-existing skin conditions like atopic dermatitis
produces a widespread outbreak of herpes lesions all over the body
most common in children

eczema herpeticum

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a full-thickness burn that penetrates through the epidermis to the dermis or deeper (muscle tissue)
they contract extremely during healing causing disfigured scars and limited mobility of the skin

third degree burn

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"flesh eating bacteria" - not contagious, non-cancerous - a severe bacterial (beta hemolytic Streptococcus) infection that rapidly destroys soft tissues like skin, muscle, and fat - moves rapidly and can be life-threatening within hours (1/3 people die)

necrotizing fasciitis

Type of scar tissue that develops when the skin tightens and restricts movement, often after a burn or other injury.

Contracture Scar

Also known as ringworm, it is a highly contagious, common fungal skin infection that presents as a red, circular, and often itchy rash on the body.

Tinea Corporis

A highly contagious, life-threatening skin infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) that occurs in people with eczema or other pre-existing skin conditions.

Eczema Herpeticum

Non-contagious - Type of rosacea characterized by facial redness, flushing, and the appearance of visible blood vessels, often on the nose and cheeks.

Erythroelangiectatic Acne Rosacea

Ringworm of the hand - A highly contagious fungal infection affecting the skin of the hands, particularly the palms and interdigital spaces. Scaly, red rash with well-defined borders, which may cause itching or discomfort.

Tinea Manuum

Cancerous - Type of skin cancer that develops in squamous cells, which are found in the outer layer of the skin. Often linked to prolonged exposure to UV radiation, either from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds.

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Dyshidrosis

Non-contagious type of dermatitis that primarily affects the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, causing small, itchy blisters.

Contagious fungal infection, non cancerous. Occurs under fingernails and toenails. Causes pitted, eroded and discolored nails. Most common in adults. Also called tinea unguium.

Onychomycosis

Contagious warts, caused by HPV, non cancerous. Forms in the mouth, lower lip, or tongue.

Focal epithelial hyperplasia

Contagious bacterial infection of the skin, non cancerous. Causes deep boils around hair follicles and apocrine sweat glands. Most common around the groin and axillae. Can cause permanent keloid scars.

Hidradenitis suppurativa

Contagious warts, caused by HPV, non cancerous. Occurs on the soles of the feet. Can grow in the deepest layers of the skin. Easy to mistake for calluses.

Plantar wart

Contagious, caused by HSV, non cancerous. The virus affects the eyelid, conjuctiva, or cornea of the eye. Repeated infections can cause permanent damage.

Ocular herpes

Non contagious, skin cancer. Appears in areas exposed to sunlight but can also grow in the mouth. UV light is the main risk but can also occur from long-term skin injury or inflammation. Can appear as non-painful sores that itch or bleed and never fully heal.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

Non contagious, non cancerous inflammatory disease. Causes yellow, oily patches on the skin typically located in skin folds around the ears, nose, and scalp. Can cause extreme dandruff. Mildly to moderately itchy.

Seborrheic eczema

Contagious through skin to skin contact. Non cancerous. Small flat skin growth pink or flesh colored. Caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).

Plane Wart

Not contagious. A common type of slow growing skin cancer. Shiny, pearly or flesh colored bump on skin.

Nodular basal cell carcinoma

Contagious through direct contact or sharing personal items. Non-cancerous. Tiny insect that feeds on blood from the human scalp

Head lice

Non contagious. Skin cancer on the palms of hands, soles of feet or under nails appearing as black or brown discoloration.

Acral lentiginous melanoma

Not contagious. Non-cancerous. Abnormal growth of scar tissue after injurt. Typically raise, firm, shiny and may be itchy or painful.

Keloid scar

Sebaceous gland carcinoma Not contagious. Rare, aggressive skin cancer originating in sebaceous/ oil producing skin glands. Can appear as a lump or sore that bleeds and doesn't heal. More commonly sen on face and

Sebaceous gland carcinoma

Contagious by skin to skin contact. Non-cancerous. Smooth or nodular lesion often on soles of the feet, weight bearing areas. May contain cheesy or keratinous material.

Cystic wart

Also called pityriasis versicolor. A contagious fungal infection caused when a normal flora of the skin becomes aggravated, causing hypo or hyper pigmented patches of skin. Often shows up on the back, chest, neck or arms

Tinea Versicolor

Highly contagious staph bacteria. Can be spread through indirect contact (sharing towels) Resistant to most antibiotics. Can first appear as a raised bump on the skin

MRSA Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Also called facial warts. Contagious through skin to skin contact. Threadlike warts that appear on eyelids, lips, and the neck

Filiform Wart

Also called “jock Itch” Contagious through skin to skin contact or sharing personal items. Fungal infection of the groin. May affect areas around groin, thighs, and lower back. Appears as round raised edges and clearing in the center

Tinea Cruris

Noncontagious subtype of skin cancer. Particular risk for those who are immune suppressed and also have a long history of sun exposure. Can appear as a painless rapidly growing red bump

Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Pubic Lice. A parasitic STI. Can be spread through skin to skin contact or sharing personal items. Can be found in any coarse hair on the body

Crab Lice Pthirus pubis

Noncontagious. Most common type of skin cancer. Slow-growing tumor of basal cells in the epidermis. Usually appears on the face or head. Appears as a lesion that doesn’t heal or they come and go in the same place

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)

Noncontagious & noncancerous small localized skin lesions in the sebaceous glands and hair follicles that appear on the face, neck, and upper back.

Acne Vulgaris

Condition in which multiple layers of herpes lesions develop over the beard area as a result of shaving while a lesion is active. This allows the virus to spread into tiny cuts over the face. Contagious from skin to skin contact, not cancerous.

Herpes Sycosis

Type of skin cancer ((squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)) in which lesions are large and brown. Exposure to mid-range UV light is the main risk, as well as long-term skin injury, infection, and inflammation. There is a suggested link between Bowen’s disease and HPV.

Bowen's Disease

Highly contagious bacterial skin infection that causes seeping blisters that itch and crust over. Usually seen in young children, but adults can carry it as well.

Impetigo

Outbreak of herpes (HSV-1 or HSV-2) lesions on fingers, contracted from direct contact with a lesion or accessible infection site that is shedding the virus. Not cancerous.

Herpes Whitlow

Non contagious inflammatory skin disorder, not cancerous Usually appears on lower legs, associated with poor circulation, diabetes, heart failure, common in elders.

Stasis Dermatitis

Symptom of human papillomavirus (HPV) which can be associated with cervical, penile or vulvar cancer. high transmission rate through skin to skin contact

genital wart

Animal parasite, highly Contagious through skin to skin contact, linens and clothes. does not carry secondary disease but lesions can become infected. Not cancerous.

scabies mites

Superficial spreading melanoma

Cancerous laterally extending Etiology recreational suntanning

Ocular melanoma

Cancer within the eye Affecting patients with light skin and blue eyes

nummular eczema

Coin shaped patches of eczema, most common in elderly men

tinea capitis

Ringworm (fungal infection) of the scalp

common wart

Contagious, benign growth caused by hpv

noncontagious common bacterial infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue caused by staph. skin will swell, inflame and be warm and painful to the touch.

cellulitis

noncontagious form of cellulitis infecting the papillary dermis and lymphatic vessels caused by strep. skin will form a rash on legs, face, and arms.

erysipelas (St. Anthony's fire)

all layers of the epidermis and some of the dermis are damaged. appear red, swollen, blistered, and sometimes leave a permanent scar.

second-degree (partial-thickness) burns

noncancerous common form of eczema. itchy, red, flaky, and dry that can occur in the creases of the nose, knees, elbows, ankles and hands.

atopic dermatitis

noncancerous common type of tumor that arises from the sebaceous glands and looks like squamous cell carcinoma. appears on the head, neck or limbs

keratoacanthoma