SL 5-6

Question 1

Divisions of the Afferent nervous system

Answer 1

Somatic sensory , visceral, special sensory

Question 2

Divisions of efferent nervous system

Answer 2

Somatic motor, autonomic motor

Question 3

Divisions of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 3

Sympathetic, parasympathetic, enteric

Question 4

Neurons respond to

Answer 4

Changes in membrane potential

Question 5

Neuroglia cells

Answer 5

Non excitable cells that support neurons but are unable to trans,it electrical impulses

Question 6

Neurotransmitter definition

Answer 6

Helps to transport electrochemical signals across a synapse

Question 7

Dendrites

Answer 7

Receive incoming stimulus’s and transmit to soma

Question 8

Soma

Answer 8

Cell body

Question 9

Axon transmits information

Answer 9

Away from the soma

Question 10

Axon terminal

Answer 10

End of axon that synapses with another cell to communicate info/ signal

Question 11

Myelin

Answer 11

Fatty substance that spreads up transmission of impulses, present in central and peripheral nervous system

Question 12

Interneurons

Answer 12

Connect neurons within the central nervous system

Question 13

Efferent neurons

Answer 13

Carry info away from CNS towards effector cells

Question 14

Afferent neurons

Answer 14

Carry information from tissues or organs towards CNS

Question 15

Interneurons can connect what two systems

Answer 15

Central and peripheral

Question 16

Nerves are simply

Answer 16

Bundles of axons

Question 17

Neuronal synapses

Answer 17

Refers to the junction where one neuron alters the electrical and chemical activity of another neuron

Question 18

Oligodenrocytes help form

Answer 18

Myelin sheath in CNS

Question 19

Astrocytes

Answer 19

Anchors neurons to capillaries and regulates the extracellular fluid. Helps crate blood brain barrier

Question 20

Ependymal cells

Answer 20

Regulates the production of cerebral spinal fluid that is a cushion for soft neural tissue

Question 21

Microglia

Answer 21

Macrophage like cells that have immune and protective functions

Question 22

What charge is the inside of the cell relative to the outside

Answer 22

Negative

Question 23

What is the typical resting potential of a cell

Answer 23

-70 mv

Question 24

At rest, the concentration of sodium is high in the

Answer 24

Outside of the cell

Question 25

At rest, the concentration of potassium is high in

Answer 25

The inside of the cell

Question 26

What type of channels are always open

Answer 26

Leaky ion

Question 27

Ion movement depends on a balance between

Answer 27

Concentration potential and electrical potential

Question 28

Equilibrium potential

Answer 28

The membrane potential when the concentration and electrical potential of an ion are on equal and opposite magnitude causing no net movement

Question 29

What ion moves first during an action potential

Answer 29

Sodium

Question 30

Sodium follows its ____ gradient whereas potassium follows its _____ gradient

Answer 30

Concentration, electrical

Question 31

What pump maintains concentration gradient in neuron

Answer 31

Na+/k+-ATPase pump

Question 32

Depolarizing the membrane means

Answer 32

The resting potential becomes less negative / moves closer to zero

Question 33

Overshooting

Answer 33

Inside of the cell will become positive relative to the outside

Question 34

Hyper-polarized

Answer 34

Potential difference is more negative then resting level

Question 35

Gated ion channels open and close via

Answer 35

A response to a stimula

Question 36

Voltage gated ion channels open and close via a

Answer 36

Change in membrane potential

Question 37

Chemically gated channels open and close via the

Answer 37

Release or reuptake of a neurotransmitter

Question 38

Changes in membrane potential that are isolated to a small area

Answer 38

Graded potentials

Question 39

Action potentials often arise from

Answer 39

The summation of graded potentials reaching threshold

Question 40

What ion follows a positive feedback loop

Answer 40

Sodium will continue to depolarize the cell

Question 41

Potassium is an example of a ____ feedback loop

Answer 41

Negative

Question 42

Receptor potentials

Answer 42

Produced at the peripheral endings of Afferent neurons in response to a stimulus

Question 43

Synaptic potentials

Answer 43

Produced in post synaptic neuron in response to release of neuron transmitter by presynaptic neuron