SL1 - Bandages, Splints, and Casts

Question 1

functions of bandages

Answer 1

promote healing

protect wounds

absorption

eliminate dead space

apply or relieve pressure

modulate pain

stabilize

Question 2

3 primary components

Answer 2

primary layer - directly contacts wound/patient

secondary layer - should never contact wound

tertiary layer - outer layer

Question 3

characteristics of primary layer/wound dressing

Answer 3

final barrier

absorbes/transfers to secondary layer

maintains moist wound environment

sterile

Question 4

types of primary layers

Answer 4

adherent - wet to dry, dry to dry

non adherent - healthy tissue, granulation tissue

Question 5

what determines the type of primary layer used

Answer 5

phase of wound healing

amount of exudate

presence of infection or necrosis

Question 6

why are dry to dry dressing not commonly used for open wounds

Answer 6

painful to remove

can dry and damage healing tissue

Question 7

when are wet to dry dressings used

Answer 7

in early wound management (3-5 days)

not on healthy tissue - can damage

Question 8

advantages of wet to dry dressings

Answer 8

provides hydration

dilutes exudate

wicks exudate

removes necrotic tissue

Question 9

characteristics of non adherent dressings

Answer 9

applied to healthy tissue

removed without disturbance

provides moisture

allows absorption

Question 10

functions of secondary bandage layer

Answer 10

absorb and hold drainage from wound

provide support/immobilization

decrease dead space

reduce edema

control hemorrhage

hold primary dressing in place

Question 11

materials used in secondary layer

Answer 11

rolled cotton

cast padding

cause pads

rolled gaize

Question 12

what determines the thickness of secondary layer

Answer 12

amount of discharge/absorption

amount of pressure required

amount of support

immobilization

protection

Question 13

rules for secondary layer application

Answer 13

3-4 digits exposed

approx 50% overlap

apply distal to proximal

never contact wound

normal functional angle

+/- spints/casts

change before exudate reaches tertiary layer (BacT strike through)

Question 14

characteristics of tertiary layer

Answer 14

binding layer (holds other 2 layers in place)

protects underlying layers from contamination

porous/breathable

elasticon/vet wrap used

Question 15

bandage slippage

Answer 15

limbs - distally

torso - caudally

toward narrower circumference

Question 16

techniques to anchor bandage

Answer 16

stirrups

tape overlay

torso strap

tie over bandage

patch bandage

fur incorporation

Question 17

when is tape overlay used to secure a banage

Answer 17

torso and abdominal bandages

Question 18

what dis?

Answer 18

torso strap

figure 8 bandage material around forelimbs, place tape cross-buckle to hold bandage cranially

Question 19

when is a tie over bandage used

Answer 19

in areas where circumferential bandage is difficult

loose interrupted sutures around periphery, cover with dressing, umbilical tape holds in place

Question 20

when is a patch bandage used

Answer 20

used to protect incision lines post op

areas that cannot place circumferential bandage

Question 21

T/F fur incorporation is used for tail bandages

Answer 21

True

incorportate fur on the last taped layer

Question 22

things to look for when assessing a bandage

Answer 22

pain/ discomfort

swollen/cold digits

foul odor

drainage/discharge

mutilation

fever

Question 23

T/F modified robert jones provides little support and compression but protects wounds

Answer 23

True

Question 24

when is a reinforced modied robert jones used

Answer 24

to add additional support for minimally displaced stable fractures

Question 25

when is a robert jones bandage indicated

Answer 25

temporatry stabilization of fractures distal to the elbow/stifle - provides comfort until can fix surgically decreases edema

Question 26

what can be used to temporarily splint fractures/luxations proximal to or including the eblow/stifle

Answer 26

Spica splint - immobilizes upper extremeties

Question 27

when is a velpeau sling used

Answer 27

creates a non-weight bearing forelimb immobilization after reduction of shoulder luxation primary stabilization for some scapular fractures ***"velpeau for elbow"***

Question 28

when is an ehmer sling indicated

Answer 28

after reduction of cranial dorsal lip luxation ## Footnote *provides femoral abduction, inward hip rotation - creates non-weight bearing hind limb*

Question 29

what are these

Answer 29

DoggLeggs ## Footnote * adjustable and breathable material, minimizes skin irritation from tape* * ehmer sling and vest, velpeau sling*

Question 30

when is a robinson sling indicated

Answer 30

tibial or femoral fracture repair post-op coxofemoral or stifle surgery *AKA pelvic limb sling, creates non weight bearing hindlimb, allows limited motion*

Question 31

indications for full leg casts

Answer 31

as adjunct following internal fixation or arthrodesis

Question 32

contraindications of full leg cast

Answer 32

wounds significant inflammation femur or humerus

Question 33

how far should cast padding be extended past the cast

Answer 33

1 cm beyond intended length of cast

Question 34

when is a bivalved cast used

Answer 34

anticipation of frequent cast changes wound management allow reuse of cast material

Question 35

when are metacarpal/metatarsal splints used

Answer 35

fractures at or below carpus additional support following fractures, luxations and arthrodesis incorporated into modified robert jones bandage