SLAE32

Question 1

Assembly to Machine

Answer 1

Assembler, linker and loader

Question 2

C language to executable

Answer 2

Hello.c -> preprocessor -> hello.i -> compiler -> hello.s[assembly code] -> assembler -> hello.o[object file] -> linker{shared libraries} -> hello.exe -> loader{run time objects/libraries} -> execute code

Question 3

CPU information

Answer 3

Lscpu or cat /proc/cpuinfo

Question 4

System organization basics

Answer 4

CPU , memory and I/o devices connected via system bus

Question 5

Control unit

Answer 5

Retrieve/decode instructions, retrieve/ store data in memory

Question 6

Execution unit

Answer 6

Actual exec. Of instructions happens here

Question 7

Registers and flags

Answer 7

Used as temp storage for execution unit

Question 8

General purpose registers

Answer 8

Eax, ebx, ecx,edx each 32 bits long

Esp, ebp, esi,edi

Question 9

Segment registers

Answer 9

Cs - code segment, Ds - data segment,ss - stack segment, es,fs,gs 15 bits long
Usage depends on flat or segmented memory model

Question 10

Floating point unit x87 data registers

Answer 10

R0 to R7 are data registers
Size is 80 bits
These data registers behave like stack

Msb hold sign
Next 8 bits hold exponent
The rest hold the significand

Question 11

Other x87 registers

Answer 11

16 bit long
Control register
Status register
Tag register

48 bit long
Last instruction pointer
Last data pointer

11 bits long
Opcode

Question 12

Simd

Answer 12

Single instruction multiple data

Question 13

Examples of simd

Answer 13

Mmx see sse2 sse3

These use mmx and xmm registers

Question 14

What is mmx

Answer 14

Mmx is made up of st0-7 registers

The last 64 bits of total 80 bits is mm0 to mm7

Question 15

Xmm?

Answer 15

Xmm0 to xmm7 and are 128 bits long