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History > Slavery > Flashcards

Slavery Flashcards

1
Q

What is Slavery?

A

Slavery is a system where persons are held against their will and are forced to work without any pay or compensation.

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2
Q

Slavery is the oldest form of forced labor practiced for a thousands years by: (3)

A
  • Egyptians
  • Romans
  • Greek Civilizations
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3
Q

Slavery was introduced to the Caribbean by who and when?

A

Spain in the early 1500 when they colonized the Arawaks.

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4
Q

When was slavery introduced to the British colonies and by who?

A

John Hawkins in 1560

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5
Q

Who brought slaves from Brazil to Barbados?

A

John Hawkins

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6
Q

Why were slaves brought from Brazil to Barbados to replace the Arawak?

A

These new slaves were bought to replace the Arawak who were found unsuited for work in the fields and mines.

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7
Q

Reasons why Africans were introduced as slaves?(3)

A
  • They were already slaves in some African Kingdoms
  • They were accustomed to the sunny climate
  • They were found to be strong and suitable for manual labor
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8
Q

There were several empires and kingdoms in Africa where slaves were kept for various reasons. These kingdoms existed in two general areas. What are the 2 general areas and what 3 of their empires/kingdoms?

A
  • Desert/Sudanic Kingdoms: Ghana, Mali, Songhai

* Forest Kingdoms: Asante, Boyo, Benin

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9
Q

Why did people become slaves in Africa? (3)

A
  • As payments for depts. owed
  • Born into slavery
  • through arrangements for marriages
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10
Q

What is Middle Passage?

A

This was journey between 8-10 weeks from Africa to the Caribbean across the Atlantic ocean. This was a long and arduous journey where the slaves were tightly packed below the deck of the slave’s ship.

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11
Q

What are some ways that slaves were obtained? (4)

A
  • Slave Raiding
  • Kept as prisoners
  • Sold into slavery
  • Already slaves
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12
Q

What is a coffle?

A

A line of slaves chained together.

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13
Q

Where were most of the slaves trading posts found?

A

On the coastlines

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14
Q

What is a barracoon?

A

a prison like enclosure made of wood

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15
Q

At the slaves trading post the slaves were then examined by the ship’s doctor to verify their physical fitness and to estimate their ages. Who was selected and what did they do to the slave that were not selected?

A

Only the young and physically strong were selected, the old and physically incapable were set free on the beaches to fend for themselves.

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16
Q

After being examined by the ship’s doctor, the old and physically incapable slaves were set free to fend for themselves. What were they called?

A

They were called Macrons.

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17
Q

How many times a day and for how long were the slaves allowed on the deck of the ship?

A

They were allowed on the deck of the ship in small groups once a day for 1 hour.

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18
Q

Why were the slaves allowed on the deck of the ship?

A

So that the accommodations can be sanitized.

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19
Q

Once the destination was near the slaves were prepared for sail by having the following carried out. What some of the procedures that were carried out?

A
  • They were examined by the ship’s doctor to have their sores attended to
  • Their bodies were thoroughly washed and scrubbed
  • They were fed special diets to fattened them
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20
Q

What were the (3) ways that slaves were sold?

A
  • By slave auction where bids were encouraged for every slave or groups of slaves
  • By a scramble, when on the sound of a cannon the buyers would rush on board of the ship and select the slave or group of slaves they wanted
  • By slave trading
21
Q

What were slaves required to do? (3)

A
  • To work in fields as slaves
  • To work in the plantations houses as house slaves
  • To work in the factories (as skilled artisans, coopers, sugar boilers etc.)
22
Q

Who introduced slavery to the Bahamas and when did they arrive?

A

The Loyalists introduced slavery to the Bahamas and they arrived in 1783.

23
Q

When did the first slaves come to the Bahamas and who were they accompanied by?

A

The first set of slaves came to the Bahamas in 1648 and they were accompanied by the Eleutherin Adventurers.

24
Q

Due to the fact that slaves outnumbered their white masters they often lived in fear. What were the rich whites biggest fear?

A

The rich whites biggest fear was that the slaves would simply rise up as a mass of people and kill them.

25
Q

What does the top and bottom of the pyramid mean?

A

The top of the pyramid represents power and wealth, and is narrow, because those at the top were relatively few in number. The bottom of the pyramid represents the opposite- a complete lack of power and wealth.

26
Q

In what ways were slaves better of than those in the West Indies? (6)

A
  • They had their own plot of land
  • Starvation was rare; the food was basic but regular
  • They had more free time
  • They had better quality houses
  • The work was not as hard
  • They had closer relationships with their agents or owners
27
Q

What are some reasons for the better standards in the Bahamas?(2)

A
  • The plantations were smaller and therefore had fewer slaves and were easier to control.
  • The climate was better for work as it was less humid.
28
Q

Where did the movement to abolish slavery begin and when?

A

It began in England in 1772

29
Q

Why were the Quakers against slavery?(3)

A
  • It was cruel
  • Slaves were treated like animals
  • It was for economic gains
30
Q

Why did the Plantation Owners support slavery?(3)

A
  • Slaves were needed on plantations to supply labor
  • Slavery was for economic gains
  • Slavery was organized and existed in Africa
31
Q

When did the Quakers begin the efforts to end slavery?

A

1778

32
Q

Who were the Quakers lead by?(3)

A

Granville Sharpe
William Wilberforce
Thomas Clarkson

33
Q

When was the act to end the Atlantic Slave Trade?

A

1807

34
Q

When was slavery abolished?

A

1834

35
Q

When did slavery ended and with what?

A

1838 with Emancipation

36
Q

When did the Apprentice period started and how long did it lasted?

A

It started in 1834 and it lasted for 5 for years

37
Q

Under the Apprenticeship what was put in placed?(3)

A
  • To allow slaves to adjust to being free
  • To allow the now freed slaves to learn new skills. So as to be able to survive.
  • All forms of punishment were abolished
38
Q

Who were the Stipendiary Magistrates?(2)

A
  • They were paid 500 pounds per year
  • They were expected to inspect all plantations under their jurisdictions so as to ensure all conditions of the Apprenticeship.
39
Q

Why were was the Apprenticeship period not effective?(2)

A
  • Most of the Magistrates became corrupt since they were not paid enough
  • The plantation owners did not respect and fear the Magistrates since the penalties were not forced.
40
Q

When did the Apprenticeship period ended?

A

August 1 1838

41
Q

When were the slaves freed?

A

August 1, 1838

42
Q

What were some of the problems that slaves faced after the abolition?(3)

A
  • Poverty and starvation for many
  • The Apprenticeship did not adequately prepare the slaves for an independent life
  • Many freed slaves ended up working for their former master as Share Croppers
43
Q

What does Share Croppers mean?

A

Working on the land for payment in produce not money

44
Q

Some plantation owners gave land to their former slaves. What were the name of these settlements? (4)

A
  • Sandilands- Foxhill Settlement
  • Carmichael- named after Governor, Sir James Carmichael Smyth
  • Bailou Estates- Along Baillou Rd.
  • The Bight and Great Harbour- Long Island
45
Q

What were some of the problems the slaves faced AFTER they were freed?(3)

A
  • Racism and Prejudice
  • Inequality
  • Unemployment, starvation and poverty
46
Q

How did the slaves solve the problems they faced AFTER they were freed?

A

They solved the problems they faced by resorting to communal ownerships of Village lands.

47
Q

When did Manumission and Amelioration happen?

A

In 1823

48
Q

When was act of emancipation? this involved the manumission and the amelioration.

A

IN 1823

History (4 decks)

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