Sleep

Question 0

Sleep laboratories

Answer 0

Patients with sleep disorders can be diagnosed and treated, as well 1/ studied for research purposes.

Question 1

Sleep

Answer 1

Regulate occurring ASC that typically occurs naturally and is primary characterised by a loss of conscious awareness.

Question 2

Polysomnography

Answer 2

Intensive study of a sleeping person involving simultaneous monitoring and recording of various physiological responses of the sleeper during the course of a night.

Question 3

Electroencephalograph EEG

Answer 3

detect, amplify and record the electrical activity spontaneously generated by the brain during sleep and dreaming.

Question 4

Value of EEG

Answer 4

Enables researchers to distinguish between 5 stages of sleep.

Question 5

Electromyograph EMG

Answer 5

detect, amplify and record the electrical activity
of muscles.

Question 6

Value of EMG

Answer 6

Identifies the systematic changes in muscular activity during a nights sleep.

Question 7

Electro-oculargraph EOG

Answer 7

measures eye movements or eye positions by detecting, amplifying and recording electrical activity in eye muscles that control eye movements.

Question 8

Value of EOG

Answer 8

Indicates when sleeper is in REM sleep to NREM sleep.

Question 9

Video monitoring

Answer 9

Observable physiological responses

Question 10

Value of Video monitoring

Answer 10

Useful for identifying activity of sufferers of sleep disorders.

Question 11

Self reports

Answer 11

self-reported record of an individual’s sleep and waking time activities, usually over a period of several weeks

Question 12

Value of Sleep Reports

Answer 12

Can be used to diagnose causes of sleep phenomena and disorders.

Question 13

Name the 2 stages of sleep/types of sleep.

Answer 13

• Non rapid eye movement NREM

- Rapid eye movement REM

Question 14

How long does one cycle of NREM sleep last for in adult?

Answer 14

70 - 90 minutes

Question 15

How does a sleep cycle (including NREM and REM sleep) last for?

Answer 15

80 - 120 minutes

Question 16

What percentage of sleep do we spend in NREM?

Answer 16

80%

Question 17

What happens during NREM sleep?

Answer 17

May be a time when the body recovers, repairing body tissue, removing waste products and replenishing neurotransmitters that are vital to communication between neurons.

Question 18

How many stars are in NREM sleep?

Answer 18

4 stages.

Question 19

NREM stage 1

Answer 19

Drift into and out of a true sleep state. Lose awareness of ourselves and our surroundings, aware of faint sounds in our environment.

• mix of alpha and theta waves
• 5 to 10 minutes

Question 20

Physiological changes NREM 1

Answer 20

• decrease in heart rate
• respiration
• body temperature
• muscle tension

Question 21

Hypnic jerk

Answer 21

a body spasm that may occur during NREM stage 1 sleep.

Question 22

NREM stage 2

Answer 22

10 to 20 minutes, body movements lessen, breathing becomes more regular, blood pressure and temperature continue to fall, and heart rate is slower.
-mostly theta waves, plus occasional sleep spindle and K complex

Question 23

Sleep spindle

Answer 23

a brief burst of higher frequency brain wave activity during NREM stage 2 sleep - indicator that the person is truly asleep

Question 24

K complex

Answer 24

a burst of low-frequency and slightly higher amplitude waves in response to arousing stimuli during NREM stage 2 sleep

Question 25

NREM stage 3 - mix of theta waves and delta waves (20 - 50%)

Answer 25

Last for 10 minutes. Moderately deep sleep. Heart rate, blood pressure and body temperature continue to drop, and the breathing rate continues to be slow and steady. The individual is extremely relaxed and becomes less and less responsive to the outside world.

Question 26

NREM stage 4

Answer 26

Very deep sleep. - more than 50% delta waves - our muscles are completely relaxed and we barely move. - sleepwalking, sleep talking, night terrors

Question 27

REM sleep

Answer 27

- irregular, consisting of low- amplitude, relatively high-frequency beta waves, like those produced during alert wakefulness. - Blood pressure rises, and breathing is quicker and more irregular. - paradoxical sleep

Question 28

Insufficient sleep

Answer 28

difficulties concentrating in class, mentally ‘drifting off’ or falling asleep in class, lethargy, problems with staying motivated to do class work, mood swings and difficulties controlling behaviour

Question 29

Biological clock

Answer 29

Each day cycle

Question 30

Hormone melatonin

Answer 30

Causes us to feel sleepy at night. Effected by presence or absence of sunlight, alarm clocks, meal times

Question 31

Sleep debt

Answer 31

-sleep that is owed and needs to be made up. | -

Question 32

Sleep deprivation

Answer 32

means going without sleep; that is, sleep loss.

Question 33

Partial sleep deprivation

Answer 33

Involves having less than what is normally normally required.

Question 34

Total sleep deprivation.

Answer 34

Involves not having any sleep at all.

Question 35

Partial sleep deprivation effects

Answer 35

tiredness, lack of energy, lapses in attention, inability to concentrate for a long period of time, a low level of motivation, loss of interest and enjoyment in previously enjoyed activities, impaired motor skills, irritability and occasional headaches.

Question 36

Total sleep deprivation effects

Answer 36

During: anxiety disorders, depression, hypertension, sleep disorders, hallucinations (false perceptions), delusions (false beliefs that are held despite evidence to the contrary) and paranoia (a false belief that others want to harm you).

Question 37

Fact about total sleep deprivation.

Answer 37

no long-lasting effects, either psychologically or physiologically. - were temporary and disappeared after the individual slept uninterrupted.

Question 38

Peter Tripp

Answer 38

201 hours

Question 39

Micro sleep

Answer 39

is a very short period of drowsiness or sleeping that occurs while the person is apparently awake. During a microsleep, the EEG pattern resembles that of the early stages of NREM sleep. After a microsleep, which usually lasts for a very brief period, individuals may have no recollection of what happened during the microsleep.

Question 40

Restorative theories

Answer 40

propose that sleep provides ‘time out’ to help us recover from depleting activities during waking time that use up the body’s physical and mental resources. According to restorative theories, sleep provides an opportunity for the body to replenish the stores of energy that have been depleted during the day. It also allows any damaged cells to be repaired and various muscles to be detoxified or rid themselves of waste products.

Question 41

Survival theories

Answer 41

propose that sleep evolved to enhance survival by protecting an organism through making it inactive during the part of the day when it is most risky or dangerous to move about (Meddis, 1977).