Sleep 45

Question 1

Melatonin

Answer 1

Pineal gland

Less alert

Question 2

Sleep hormone secretion

Answer 2

Growth hormone

Question 3

Cortisol

Answer 3

Inhibited during sleep

Stimulating hormone

Question 4

Wakefulness hormones

Answer 4

Acetylcholine, dopamine, noradrenaline

Question 5

Alcohol

Answer 5

Disrupts REM sleep
Worn off: may have nightmares
Tolerant: unable to sleep and irritable

Question 6

Insomnia

Answer 6

Inability to fall asleep or remain asleep

Question 7

Stimulus control

Answer 7

Creating a sleep environment that promotes sleep

Question 8

Cognitive therapy

Answer 8

Learning to develop positive thoughts and beliefs about sleep

Question 9

Sleep restriction

Answer 9

Following a program that limits time in bed

Question 10

Hyper insomnia

Answer 10

Obtains sufficient sleep at night but still cannot stay awake during the day

Question 11

Hypersomnia

Answer 11

Not psychotic disorder

CNS damage, kidney, liver, diabetic acidosis, hypothyroidism

Question 12

Narcolepsy

Answer 12

Caused by lack of hypocretin in CNS that regulates sleep
Dreams right away
15-30 yrs old

Question 13

Sleep apnea

Answer 13

Frequent short breathing pauses during sleep

Question 14

Requirements for sleep apnea

Answer 14

More than 5 episodes longer than 10 seconds per 1 hour

Question 15

Three common types of apnea

Answer 15

Obstructive
Central
Mixed

Question 16

Sodium oxybate

Xyrem

Answer 16

Treat cataplexy

Date rape drug

Question 17

Parasomnia

Answer 17

Behavior that may interfere with sleep and may even occur during sleep

Question 18

Bruxism

Answer 18

Grinding teeth

Question 19

Enuresis

Answer 19

Bed wetting

Question 20

Periodic limb movement disorder

Answer 20

Legs jerk 2 or 3 times per minute during sleep

Question 21

RLS

Answer 21

Occurs whenever person is at rest

Question 22

Somnambulism

Answer 22

Sleepwalking

Stage 3 of NREM

Question 23

Sleep hygiene

Answer 23

Interventions used to promote sleep

Question 24

Provigil

Modafinil

Answer 24

CNS stimulant

Question 25

Circadian rhythms

Answer 25

Circa dies | About a day

Question 26

Disrupted circadian rhythm

Answer 26

Immune system Chronic fatigue Decreased coping ability Decreased performance

Question 27

NREM sleep

Answer 27

First 3 stages

Question 28

REM

Answer 28

4/5 stage Heart rate/ respiratory rate irregular, faster than awake state Dreaming

Question 29

Cycles of sleep | Adult

Answer 29

4-6 cycles | 7-8 hour period

Question 30

Newborns

Answer 30

16-18 hours per day | Enter REM immediately

Question 31

Infants

Answer 31

14-16 hours per day

Question 32

Toddlers

Answer 32

12-14 hours per day

Question 33

Preschoolers

Answer 33

11-13 hours per day

Question 34

School age

Answer 34

10-11 hours per day

Question 35

Adolescent

Answer 35

9-10 hours per day

Question 36

Adults

Answer 36

7-9 hours per day

Question 37

Factors affecting sleep and rest

Answer 37

``` Illness Environmental Lifestyle Anxiety / stress Drugs Diet Smoking ```

Question 38

Percentage of chronic insomnia

Answer 38

10-20%

Question 39

Occasional insomnia

Answer 39

40-50%

Question 40

Hypnagogic hallucinations

Answer 40

Life like dreams/hallucinations. Pulls things in from environment

Question 41

Cataplexy

Answer 41

Genetic | Wake up from sleep, but cannot move or speak

Question 42

Obstructive sleep apnea assessment

Answer 42

``` Enlarged uvula Enlarged palate Neck size greater than 17.5 inches Deviated septum Nasal pull-ups Tonsils Obesity ```

Question 43

Treatment for sleep apnea

Answer 43

``` CPAP Continuous positive airway pressure Take out uvula Lose weight Tracheostomy ```

Question 44

Serotonin

Answer 44

Lessen responses to stimulation | Shut off receptors to reticular activating system