Sleep And Rest

Question 1

Definition of rest

Answer 1

Time when one feels mentally relaxed free from anxiety, and physically calm

Question 2

How to help promote sleep in the hospital

Answer 2

Assist in pain
Help patient be comfortable
Sleep hygiene(routine)
Freedom from worry

Question 3

Circadian rhythm

Answer 3

Cyclical rhythms that are a part of everyday life

Question 4

Sleep regulation

Answer 4

• maintained by the CNS
• hypothalamus is the main sleeping center
• sleep can be measured by activity in cerebral cortex

Question 5

Ascending Reticular Activating system (RAS)

Answer 5

Located in upper brain stem

-maintains alertfullness and a wakefulness

Question 6

Bulbar Sychronizing region

Answer 6

Located in Pons

• Reaponsible for sleep, releases serotonin
• As the Stimuli from the RAS decreases the BSR increases

Question 7

Stage 1 NREM

Answer 7

• easily aroused
• lasts a couple minutes
• can feel as if day dreaming
• vitals “start” to drop

Question 8

Stage 2 NREM

Answer 8

• fallen asleep

- still easily aroused

Question 9

Stage 3 NREM

Answer 9

Initial of deep sleep

15-30 minutes
Difficult to arouse

Question 10

Stage 4 NREM

Answer 10

-will spend more time in this stage if body needs more sleep

• last about 15-30 minutes
• nocturia, sleep walking

Question 11

REM sleep

Answer 11

• last 20 mins
• needed for mental relaxation

4-5 sleep cycles per night

Question 12

Definition of sleep

Answer 12

Cyclical physiological process that alternates with awake processes

Question 13

Loss of REM can cause

Answer 13

Confusion
Suspicion 
Mood changes 
Motor performance decreases 
Poor memory 
Poor equilibrium

Question 14

Hypnotics

Answer 14

Interfere with reaching deeper sleep stages

Cause hangover during day

Question 15

Anti-depressants

Answer 15

-suppress REM sleep

Decrease total sleep time

Question 16

Alcohol

Answer 16

• reduces REM

- awakens persons during night and can be difficult to fall back to sleep

Question 17

Caffeine

Answer 17

• prevents person from falling asleep
• causes awakenings during night
• interferes with REM

Question 18

Diuretics

Answer 18

Night time awakenings caused by nocturia

Question 19

Beta-Adrenergic blockers

Answer 19

Cause nightmares
Cause insomnia
Cause awakening from sleep

Question 20

Nicotine

Answer 20

Decreased total sleep time

Decreases REM sleep

Question 21

Narcotics

Answer 21

Daytime drowsiness

Depresses REM

Question 22

Anticonvulsants

Answer 22

Decrease REM time

Daytime drowsiness

Question 23

Parasomnias

Answer 23

Undesirable heavies that occur during sleep

• nocturia
• sleep walking

Question 24

Insomnia

Answer 24

Chronic difficulty falling asleep

• become sleep deprived
• associated with stress

Question 25

Central sleep apnea

Answer 25

CNS that is supposed to to control the breathing is disrupted

Question 26

Obstructive sleep apnea

Answer 26

Actual obstruction in the air way

Question 27

Mixed sleep apnea

Answer 27

Both central and obstructive apnea effects

Question 28

Excessive daytime a sleepiness(EDS)

Answer 28

- fatigue - daytime naps - disruption in normal life activities due to tiredness - sleepiness upon awakening

Question 29

Narcolepsy

Answer 29

Dysfunction of mechanisms that regulate sleep-wake states -sudden overwhelming urge to fall asleep

Question 30

Sleep deprivation

Answer 30

Not enough sleep

Question 31

Physiological symptoms of sleep deprivation

Answer 31

``` Hand tremors Decrease in reflexes Reduction in word memory -decreases reasoning and judgement -cardiac dysthymias -decreased auditory and visual alertness ```

Question 32

Psychological symptoms of sleep deprivation

Answer 32

- mood swings - disorientation - irritability - decreased motivation - fatigue - sleepiness - hyperactivity - agitation