Slide 2 Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is HHb
Deoxyhemoglobin
It lacks oxygen
It is dark red- purple in colour has a specific configuration (shape)
What is HbO2
Oxyhemoglobin
It is attached to oxygen
Bright red in colour
What is the 5 major factors for unloading O2 from Hb
1- Partial pressure of O2 in the area
2- Partial pressure of CO2
3- Temperature
4- PH ( number of H+ ions)
5- Concentration of BPG ( 2-3 bisphosphateglycerate) main enzyme that is involved in releasing O2 from Hb
Dalton‘s Law
Total pressure exerted by a mixture pf gasses is the sum of the pressure exerted individually by each gas in the mixture
Composition of exhaled air
N2 - 75%
O2 - 15%
H2O - 5%
Argon and other trace gasses - 1%
CO2 - 5%
Henry‘s Law
When a mixture of gasses is in contact with a liquid, each gas will dissolve in the liquid in proportion to its partial pressure
2nd part of Henry‘s Law
Gasses will diffuse based on their partial preassure: higher pressure; more diffusion. But it alsp depends on the solubility of the has in the liquid and on the temp
Please give me solubility of N2, O2 and CO2
N2 is the least soluble
O2 is 2 times as soluble as Nitrogen
CO2 is 20 times as soluble as Oxygen
Mild hypoxaemia
86-90%
Moderate Hypoxaemia
81-85%
Severe Hypoxaemia
76-80%
Symptoms of hypoxaemia
Dyspnoea (laboured breathing)
Tachypnoea (rapid breathing)
Lethargic (lack of energy)
Tachycardia (fast heart rate)
Over time symptoms of hypoxaemia
Cyanosis
Disorientation
Irritability/combativeness
How can you compensate a person with Hypoxaemia
Do slow, large breaths to increase the number of alveoli that contain air and thus increase the volume of gas in the lungs for gas exchange.
If moderate to severe, and O2 is available the person can be given O2 (change the concentration gradient)
