Slide 39- Flashcards
(39 cards)
What are the five priorities of normal gait
- Stability of weight bearing foot
- Clearance of non weight bearing foot
- appropiate foot pre positioning during terminal swing
- Adequate step length
- Energy conversation
What is the site of greatest rotation between vertebrae
Typically between T6 and T7
Via theta Y
For normal gait to occur the pelvis must
Rotate and tilt. Theta X, theta Z
What muscle is affected by Trendelenburg sign
Weak Gluteus medius on the side of stance leg
What is the subtalar joint
The articulation of the talus and calcaneus
How does the subtalar joint function
As a metered hinge during gait
At the heel strike the ankle is
Dorsiflexed
During loading response the talorcrural joint is _________.
The subtalar joint is __________
Plantar flexion
Pronation
End of the midstance the tall rural joint is maximally _________ and the subtalar joint begins to _________.
Dorsiflexed
Supinate
When the heel is lifted the ankle is
Fully close packed- by combination of passive force and contraction from triceps surface
What maintains the medial arch
Plantar Fascia
The propulsive foot motion begins _______ and ends with ________.
When heel lift, toe off
When is the plantar fascia pulled tight
During the “windlass effect”
What two events are crucial in creating the rigid lever needed for ambulation
Windlass effect
Close pack position
The windlass effect makes the rear foot and forefoot closer together which
Increases the arch height necessary for stability
What muscles are involved with the intial swing
Rectus femoris, sartorius, gracilis, adductor longus, TFL, pectineus, biceps femoris (short head)
Early to mid portion of the swing phase what muscle is the prime mover
Iliopsoas
What muscles are in the terminal swing
Hamstrings gluteus maximus, DECELERATE hip flexion and knee extension
What is the main muscle during the initial stance
Adductor Magnus
What muscle is the main one for midstance
Abductors
What main muscle is during the terminal stance
Gluteus medius/minimus
Muscle actions at the knee during swing and stance phase
Swing phase- quadriceps
Stance phase- quadriceps peak activity during the loading response. Hamstring coactivation during loading response
The foot and ankle muscles associated with swing phase
Concentric: tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertius
Muscle actions of foot and ankle during stance phase
Eccentric- tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, triceps surae
Concentric- triceps surae
