Slide Set #1

Question 1

Where is mammal milk technically made from?

Answer 1

Blood

Question 2

What makes a mammal a mammal?

Answer 2

The mammary glands they have.

Question 3

What hormone is responsible for milk let down?

Answer 3

oxytocin

Question 4

yes or no - Can mammals produce milk with different certain properties (protein, sugar, fat) that is more suitable for their offspring?

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

What is lactation?

Answer 5

the secretion and yielding of milk by the mammary gland

Question 6

What is one complete period of lactation?

Answer 6

the time of birth to weaning

Question 7

What are the two main reasons for why lactation is important?

Answer 7

1) rearing and nourishment of young
(survival, continuation of species, replacement of livestock)

2) Food for human consumption
(fluid milk, butter, ice-cream, infant formulas)

Question 8

What is the signature traits of mammals?

Answer 8

lactation

Question 9

What term is mammal derived from?

Answer 9

mamma

Question 10

What is lactation of signature trait for?

Answer 10

mammals

Question 11

All mammals have?

Answer 11

mammary glands

Question 12

what is one important characteristic of mammals that is often forgot about?

Answer 12

they have hair/fur

Question 13

Who is the father of modern taxonomy?

Answer 13

Carl Linnaeus

Question 14

Review Taxonomy Chart for Cow

Answer 14

Done

Question 15

What three classification levels are the same for all mammals?

Answer 15

Kingdom, Phylum, and Class

Question 16

What does Notochord mean?

Answer 16

has a spinal cord

Question 17

What are the two acronyms for remembering the 7 levels of taxonomy?

Answer 17

1)
King Phillip Came Over For Graduate School

2)
Kevin’s Plump Cow Often Feels Great Sunbathing

Question 18

What are the 7 classification levels of taxonomy?

Answer 18

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 19

What is cattle taxonomy for Genus and Species?

Answer 19

Genus - Bos

Species - taurus, indicus

Question 20

What is the orgin for Bos taurus and Bos indicus?

Answer 20

Zebu

Question 21

Which level of taonomy is always lower case?

Answer 21

species

Question 22

Which levels of taxonomy are always written in italics?

Answer 22

Genus and Species

Question 23

Closer to equator for location of origin?

Answer 23

more Bos indicus influence

Question 24

Further away from the equator?

Answer 24

more Bos taurus influence

Question 25

Location of origin levels?

Answer 25

Genus + Species

Question 26

Indicus =

Answer 26

from India

Question 27

What is unique about cows closer to the equator?

Answer 27

Cow with big ears, droopy loose skin, dewlap, and hump provides greater surface area for the dissipation of body heat in the warmer climates adjacent to the equator.

Question 28

What was the video we watched in class called by Minute Earth?

Answer 28

Milk is just filtered blood

Question 29

Taxonomy for Goat

Answer 29

Hicrus in blank

Question 30

Taxonomy for Sheep

Answer 30

Ovis for blank

Question 31

Taxonomy for Pig

Answer 31

Suidae for first blank Domesticus for second blank

Question 32

Taxonomy for Horse

Answer 32

Perissodactyla in first blank Equidae in second blank

Question 33

What are the three subclasses of Mammalia?

Answer 33

Prototheria (monotremes), Metatheria (marsupials), Eutheria (placentals)

Question 34

Prototheria =

Answer 34

first beasts

Question 35

Metatheria =

Answer 35

changed beasts

Question 36

Eutheria/Placentalia =

Answer 36

ture beasts

Question 37

Types of ways to observe anatomy when looking at mammary gland?

Answer 37

Macroscopic and Microscopic

Question 38

Where is the bovine mammary gland located?

Answer 38

Inguinal location "of the groin" / lower abdomen

Question 39

What are other mammary gland locations?

Answer 39

Abdominal and Pectoral/Thoracic

Question 40

How many glands/quarters (compartments) does a cows mammary gland have?

Answer 40

4

Question 41

An extra teat is called?

Answer 41

supernumerary

Question 42

Bovine mammary gland has how many teat canals per teat?

Answer 42

1

Question 43

Number and location of glands in livestock and companion animals?

Answer 43

Pigs have three locations of mammary glands

Question 44

Label the gland cistern and teat canal/duct:

Answer 44

Question 45

Most common number of glands for pigs?

Answer 45

12

Question 46

What is the weight of the udder without milk?

Answer 46

25 to 60 lbs

Question 47

What is the milk production (secretory tissue) distribution?

Answer 47

40% milk production in front 60 milk production in rear

Question 48

What are the 5 supporting structures of the bovine mammary gland?

Answer 48

Skin Fine areolar connective tissue Coarse areolar connective tissue Lateral suspensory ligaments (LSL) Median suspensory ligament (MSL)

Question 49

What is the main support of the udder?

Answer 49

Median suspensory ligament

Question 50

What three parts of the mammary support form a sling?

Answer 50

the median and laterals suspensory ligaments with the lamellar plates as well.

Question 51

What is the first line of defense?

Answer 51

Teat canal duct

Question 52

What does the teat canal provide in its first line of defense?

Answer 52

Keratin and Sphincter muscle as physical barriers

Question 53

Purpose of teat splincter?

Answer 53

maintains tight closure of canal

Question 54

Purpose of keratin?

Answer 54

acts as a seal to prevent bacteria from entering the teat between milkings

Question 55

What are the four types of cell linings?

Answer 55

Question 56

What is the chemical barrier of the teat?

Answer 56

Keratin which has a bacteriostatic and bactericidal function

Question 57

What are the alveolar compoents?

Answer 57

Epithelial cells, capillary system, myoepithelial cells, basement membrane, lumen, duct

Question 58

What are epithelial cells necessary for?

Answer 58

milk production

Question 59

What are myoepithelial cells necessary for?

Answer 59

milk ejection

Question 60

Myo is the root of what?

Answer 60

muscle

Question 61

What are the 3 main components of the alveolus?

Answer 61

Single layer of secretory epithelial cells surrounded by, 2) myoepithelial cells (smooth muscle) and a 3) capillary bed