SLIDES WEEK 3 + 4 Flashcards
(31 cards)
How is a winner-take-all markets possible
- technology’s quality
- technical advantage
- timing
- sponsorship by large powers can lock out alternatives
do older firms innovate more according to the article
yes
are older firms more likely to exploit or explore
exploit
have older firms high or low impact
low
age helps/doesnt help incremental innovation but NOT RADICAL
helps
patent approval process
- file patent application
- examiner reviews
- if you pass patentability tests
- you get patent
4 things for patent
novel, useful, not obvious, eligible (Is your invention the kind of thing you can even get a patent for?: machine, manufacture, process, composition)
utility patent
protects process, machine, manufactured item, or combination of materials.
design patent
protects design or exterior look of an invention.
plant patent
protects distinct and new variety of plant.
trademark can be perceived through?
one of the five senses
how long does patent last
authors life + 70 years
do you need to register trademark
no, just use it inside the business
does a trademark expire
no, as long as you use it
do you gave to register copyright
no you get it automatically
centralization
decision-making authority is kept at top levels of the firm OR activities are performed at a central location.
ambidextrous structures
One part of the company (like R&D) is flexible, creative, and small
👉 to explore new ideas
Another part (like production or operations) is strict, organized, and big
👉 to run things efficiently
disdavtnage loosely coupled (LEGO)
high potential for conflict and not good when very close coordination is needed
Companies that innovate across countries must balance central control with local freedom, since local teams know their markets best. But challenges like poor fit in other regions, reluctance to share, and the “not invented here” mindset can block global learning and collaboration.
We didn’t make it, so we don’t want it
Myths about product champions
1: Projects with champions are more likely to be successful.
2: Champions get involved because they are excited about project rather than from self-interest.
!!!3: Champions are more likely to be involved with radical innovation projects. !!!!!!!
4: Champions are more likely to be from marketing.
beta testing
get customer input early in the development process.
Failure modes & effects analysis
A method to identify failures in a system, classify them according to their severity, and create a plan to prevent them.
So, smell can be a trademark — but only in rare, special cases!
Automate (aka replace human input) vs augment (aka keep human input in the loop)
AI can be a source of competitive advantage when there is augmentation of the human and the machine’s capabilities! Double loop
