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compsci 3 > slr11 - networks > Flashcards

slr11 - networks Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

What is a network

A

A group of connected computers

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2
Q

What are the advantages of networks

A

Users can share files and peripherals
Servers can control security and software updates
Communication over the network is easier

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3
Q

What are the disadvantages of networks

A

Increased security risks
If the server fails, connected devices may also fail
Computer may run slower if a lot of devices are connected

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4
Q

Why are standards required for devices on a network

A

Without them devices wouldnt be able to communicate with each other

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5
Q

What are standards

A

A set of hardware and software specifications that allow manufactures to create products that are compatible with each other

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6
Q

What is the purpose of layers

A

Separating the process of sending files over a network into several steps so that hardware can be made at each layer

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7
Q

What are the 4 layers of the TCP/IP stack

A

Application
Transport
Internet
Link

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8
Q

Name a protocol that operates at the application layer

A

HTTP/S, IMAP

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9
Q

Name a protocol that operates at the transport layer

A

TCP

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10
Q

What is the name of the protocol that operates at the internet layer

A

IP

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11
Q

What is used at the link layer

A

Wi-Fi/Fibre optic

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12
Q

Describe the application layer

A

The application that the user interacts with

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13
Q

Describe the transport layer

A

Sets up communication between 2 hosts

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14
Q

Describe the internet layer

A

Addresses and packages data for transmission

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15
Q

Describe the link layer

A

Network hardware and connection port standards

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16
Q

Give 2 differences between LANs and WANs

A

Larger geographical area vs smaller geographical area
WANs have slower transfer speed

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17
Q

What is a URL

A

the full address of an internet resource. it specifies the resources location name and type so that a browser can request it

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18
Q

What are internet registries

A

Companies that hold details of all existing website domains

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19
Q

What is a fully qualified domain name

A

A domain name that includes the host servers name

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20
Q

What does the IP address indicate

A

Where a packet has been sent to or from

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21
Q

What is an IP address

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A

A unique numerical code that is assigned to a network device

22
Q

What does a domain name identify

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A

The area or domain that an internet resource resides in

23
Q

What does DNS stand for

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A

Domain name system

24
Q

What is linked to every domain name

Study These Flashcards
A

One or more IP addresses

25
What is the DNS responsible for
Cataloging all domain names and IP addresses in a series of global directories
26
Describe a WAN
A network of inter-connected networks that are connected over a large geographical area. Usually defined as one that is relies on 3rd party connections
27
Describe a physical bus topology
All computers are connected to a single cable
28
Advantages of a bus topology
Inexpensive to install as it requires less cable
29
Disadvantages of a bus topology
If the main cable fails then data cannot be transmitted Performance degrades with heavy traffic All computers on the network can see all data transmissions
30
Describe a physical star topology
A network with a central node that acts as a router to transmit messages
31
Where are the MAC addresses of all the devices stored in a star topology
In the central switch
32
Advantages of a star topology
If one connection fails, the network still works There is consistent performance regardless of how much the network is being used Each station has its own connection to the main server The system is more secure as messages cannot be intercepted by other stations It is easy to add new stations to the network
33
Disadvantages of a star topology
Can be difficult to install and maintain If the central server fails then the entire network is broken
34
Describe the difference between physical and logical topologies
A physical topology is the actual layout of the network whereas a logical topology refers to how the data is transferred
35
Describe a mesh network topology
All computers in the network are connected directly to all other computer
36
Advantages of a mesh topology
Easy to add new computers to the network Data does not need to pass through a central switch
37
Describe circuit switching
A direct link is created between the devices for the duration of the communication
38
Disadvantages of circuit switching
Bandwidth is wasted when no data is being sent The devices must use the same transfer rate
39
Advantages of circuit switching
Packets always arrive in the same order that they are sent which simplifies the process of arranging them at each end
40
Describe packet switching
Packets are broadcast across a network and are rearranged into order when they arrive at their destination
41
What is stored in a packet
A header and payload
42
What is stored in the header
The sender and recipients MAC and IP addresses The protocol that is being used The number of the packet in the sequence The amount of time after which the data is discarded
43
What is stored in the payload of a packet
The actual data being sent
44
What is the success of packet switching reliant on
The packets being sent along the least congested route
45
Why is packet switching faster than circuit switching
All the packets are sent along the least congested route
46
Why is the senders IP address included in the packet header
Lots of protocols have to send data back to the person who sent it
47
Describe the application layer
Sits at the top of the stack and provides the interface for users
48
Describe the transport layer
Uses TCP to establish an end to end connection with the other computer The data is then split into packets
49
Describe the internet layer
Adds the source and destination IP addresses
50
Describe the link layer
The physical connection between network nodes and adds the MAC addresses identifying the NIC cards of the source and destination computers
51
What happens to packets once they arrive at their destination
The headers on the packets are stripped of in reverse order by which they were added
52
Describe FTP
A high level protocol in the application layer

compsci 3 (29 decks)

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