SLR5

Question 1

What are the 2 types of software

Answer 1

1. Application software
2. System software

Question 2

Give 2 examples of an application software

Answer 2

1. Word processor
2. Web browser

Question 3

What are the 2 types of system software

Answer 3

1. Utility software
2. OS (Operating Systems)

Question 4

Give 2 examples of utility software

Answer 4

1. Anit-virus
2. Malware

Question 5

Give 2 examples of OS

Answer 5

1. MacOs
2. Windows

Question 6

When did computing become commercialised

Answer 6

1970s

Question 7

When did it become illegal to steal code

Answer 7

1983

Question 8

Name 2 benefits of open source code for users

Answer 8

1. The software is free
2. There is a wide community for modification

Question 9

Name 2 drawbacks of open source code for users

Answer 9

1. Poorly supported by designer
2. Not well tested

Question 10

Name 1 benefit of open source code for creators

Answer 10

Gets your software out into the community

Question 11

Name 1 drawback of open source code for creators

Answer 11

Little to no financial gain

Question 12

Name 1 benefit of closed source code for users

Answer 12

Well-supported and professional

Question 13

Name 1 drawback of closed source code for users

Answer 13

Expensive

Question 14

Name 1 benefit of closed source code for creators

Answer 14

Receive an income

Question 15

Name 2 drawback of closed source code for creators

Answer 15

1. Community can be demanding
2. Privacy issues

Question 16

What are the 5 types of Utility software

Answer 16

1. File repair
2. Back-ups
3. Data compression
4. Defragmentation
5. Anti-malware

Question 17

What is the purpose of file repair

Answer 17

To repair a damaged or corrupted file

Question 18

What is the purpose of back-ups

Answer 18

To have multiple saves of each file so that it can be replaced if lost

Question 19

How should back-ups be ran

Answer 19

1. Back-ups can be incremental where everything new or changed will be saved
2. Back-ups can be full meaning every backup everything is saved (this takes up much more space
3. Back-ups can be automatically scheduled

Question 20

What is the purpose of data compression

Answer 20

To reduce the file size of the data

Question 21

How do you read a compressed file

Answer 21

It must be uncompressed or extracted

Question 22

What is the purpose of defragmentation

Answer 22

To reduce the movement of the read-write head across of the surface of the disk

Question 23

What is the purpose of anti-malware

Answer 23

To get rid of malware (such as viruses, trojans, worms, spyware)

Question 24

How is anti-malware acquired

Answer 24

Can be purchased directly from the companies designing it or can be bought with your computer from a company such as Apple

Question 25

What is Binary also called

Answer 25

Machine code

Question 26

What is source code also called

Answer 26

Human code

Question 27

What is Translation

Answer 27

The process of converting source code into machine code

Question 28

How does a compiler run code

Answer 28

By compacting all the code into one and then running it

Question 29

How does an interpreter run code

Answer 29

By running each line individually one after the other

Question 30

What is the first stage of compiler known as

Answer 30

Lexical Analysis

Question 31

What is the second stage of the compiler known as

Answer 31

Syntax Analysis

Question 32

What are the third stage of the compiler known as

Answer 32

Code generation

Question 33

What does Lexical analysis do

Answer 33

1. Removes comments and white space 2. The remaining code turned into a series of tokens 3. A symbol table is created to keep track of variables and subroutines

Question 34

What does Syntax analysis do

Answer 34

1. An abstract syntax tree is built from tokens produced in the previous stage 2. Error generated if any tokens break the rules of the language

Question 35

What is the fourth stage of the compiler known as

Answer 35

Optimisation

Question 36

What does code generation do

Answer 36

1. The abstract code tree is turned into object code 2. Object code is machine code produced before the final step is run

Question 37

What does optimisation do

Answer 37

Tweaks the code so it will run as quickly as possible

Question 38

What is a library

Answer 38

A ready-compiled and tested program that can be run when needed and are typically grouped in software libraries

Question 39

Name 4 benefits of libraries

Answer 39

1. Quick 2. Easy 3. Pre-tested 4. Pre-compiled

Question 40

Name 3 drawbacks of libraries

Answer 40

1. Functionality is almost impossible to tweak 2. Black Boxed 3. You have to trust the developer

Question 41

What does the Linker do

Answer 41

Puts the appropriate machine addresses in all the external call and return instructions

Question 42

What are the two types of linking

Answer 42

1. Static linking 2. Dynamic linking

Question 43

What does Static linking do

Answer 43

Includes all required code from the libraries in the finished machine code

Question 44

What does Dymanic linking do

Answer 44

1. Stores compiled versions of the required libraries on the host computer 2. Links the OS to the required code from the library as the program is running 3. Cuts down the size of the machine code

Question 45

What is the loader

Answer 45

A part of the OS that loads the executable program file into memory ready to be run along with the required libraries