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Soc Sci Section 3 24-25 > Soc Sci S3 Facts > Flashcards

Soc Sci S3 Facts Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

An artificial element that could be found in sediment core samples as a result of nuclear weapons testing

A

plutonium - 239

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2
Q

News report and educational content raising awareness of climate change refers to the

A

Anthropocene

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3
Q

For Paul Crutzen and Eugene Stoermer, “Anthropocene” designated a new geological epoch that recognizes the

A

“central role of mankind in geology and ecology”

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4
Q

What did the Anthropocene coincide with in the late 18th century according to Paul Crutzen and Eugene Stoermer

A

The popularization of the steam engine and early records of growing greenhouse gas concentration in the atmosphere

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5
Q

What did the AWG offer a list of that is associated with the Anthropocene

A

phenomena

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6
Q

The Holocene is best described as what kind of period

A

interglacial

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7
Q

What was the Holocene characterized by

A

the significant ice cover across the globe

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8
Q

What influences the interaction between solar energy and the Earth System

A

The orbit of Earth

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9
Q

Led to previous cycles of ice ages and interglacials

A

the orbit of Earth

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10
Q

Set the Earth’s climate in the direction of rapid warming instead of a cooling period

A

Anthropogenic/Human-Related causes

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11
Q

A study of what shows the largest warmind trends

A

temperature variability

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12
Q

Is happening more evenly around the glove than past climate change

A

Global Warming

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13
Q

Cooler temperatures on average does not mean

A

temperature were cooler everywhere at once

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14
Q

What was LIA caused by

A

solar forcings and volcanic forcings

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15
Q

Discussions of the Industrial Revolution brings to mind

A

large coal-powered factories and soot-covered workers who were sometimes still children

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16
Q

Paul Crutzen And Eugene Stoermer argued making the popularization of the what is the starting date of the Anthropocene

A

Steam Engine

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17
Q

The introduction of the coal-powered steam engine was a land moment in the history of

A

humans burning fossil fuels to produce the energy that powers the machines

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18
Q

1800 might have marked the start of technology that has

A

resulted in large greenhouse gas emissions

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19
Q

A story of the human conquest of nature and of the human capacity for perpetual growth

A

the Industrial Revolution

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20
Q

What began to increase around 1950

A

The scale of human activities that altered the Earth System

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21
Q

A key factor in the “Great Acceleration”

A

the rise in the human population

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22
Q

New research supports that what is causing global warming

A

higher concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

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23
Q

What causes different types if changes at different layers of the atmosphere

A

Rising carbon dioxide levels throughout the atmosphere

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24
Q

Temperatures are rising in what layer of the atmosphere

A

troposphere

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25
Which atmosphere layers is air thinner and colder
The higher layers
26
What is created due to the different temperature reaction in the atmosphere layers
instability
27
What do graphs that represent the correlation between high greenhouse gas concentrations and rising global surface temp. not show
Why or how humans are releasing those gases into the atmosphere
28
Fossil fuels are formed from
the remains of living organisms from past geological epochs
29
Where are the remains of living organisms that form fossil fuels located and what is the carbon restricted from doing due to it
The remains are stored within the Earth, so the carbon in the fossil fuels won't interact with the Earth's subsystems in the surface
30
How do humans utilize fossil fuels
Burning them for energy
31
What was coal burned for in the 19th century
To power steam machines
32
What was coal continued to be used for in the 20th and 21st centuries
Power electric plants and petroleum, and to power machines
33
What happens to carbon and other chemicals once fossil fuels are burned
they are released as gases into the atmosphere and once in the atmosphere, they serve as greenhouse gases and warm the surface temperature of the Earth
34
An important factor in the extraction of fossil fuels and their emission as greenhouse gases
Geography
35
Where fossil fuels were used depended on what
which regions has the wealth and political power to build infrastructure for them
36
Which area industrialized and created cities and transportation system in the 19th and 20th centuries that required a lot of fossil fuels to maintain
The West - mostly regions in the Global North, including Western Europe and North America
37
Who in 2020 was the top producer and consumer of oil
US
38
What did western corporations and governments do when Europeans discovered oil
They acted to establish a means of controlling the oil
39
Western powers prioritize what over supporting democracy in oil-rich regions
gaining access to oil
40
What did the global geopolitics and British colonial influence shape in the Iraqi city of Kirkuk
the contours of local urban life and strained relationships
41
What spurred some people to build wealth at the expense of other people's freedom and economic viability
The value of black gold
42
What makes up the majority of global greenhouse gas emissions
Burning of fossil fuels
43
Sources of fossil fuels
coal, oil , and gas
44
2 gases that aren't produced by fossil fuels but are greenhouse gases
methane and nitrous oxide
45
Around 1500, Europeans spread out and created colonies that
valuable natural resources and human labor that was used to create great wealth
46
When industrialization began, European nations used the wealth to
build factories and industrial infrastructure
47
Why did western powers maintain relationship with colonial subjects
to produce natural resources and transport them to the West for consumption or manufacturing
48
The consumption of fossil fuels and emissions of greenhouse gases were concentrated where
the Western world
49
In which area housed the urban centers of industrialization
the Western world
50
Europe and the West came to see themselves as
modern or "developed"
51
Which countries benefited from industrialization for centuries
Western countries
52
Why did wealthy countries in Western Europe invest in technology
to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and have cut emissions
53
Which country cut its greenhouse gas emissions from higher levels in the early 2000s
The US
54
Which countries increased their greenhouse gas emissions
China and India
55
What country is the world's leading greenhouse gas emitter
China
56
Which country moved up to 4th place in greenhouse gas emissions
India
57
India is behind which 2 countries in greenhouse gas emissions
U.S. and EU
58
The US and Europe used fossil fuels as a means of
achieving prosperity for their inhabitants and to build societies
59
China's exports are largely consumed by
people in the U.S. and Europe
60
What are the 3 components of the triple planetary crisis
climate change, air pollution, and biodiversity loss
61
The 3 notable areas that are particularly impactful for human societies
fires, floods, and drought
62
Abnormally severe fires have ravaged in what areas
Greece, Australia, California, Canada, and Hawaii
63
Warmer temperatures amplify
the dry and windy conditions that fuel and spread fires
64
What new developments are vulnerable to local fires
building housing communities deeper into forests
65
The result of melting glaciers and warmer ocean temperatures
Rising sea levels
66
Threaten densely populated coastal communities
rising sea levels
67
What does sea level rise accelerate
coastal erosion
68
What struck Florida in 2022 that caused over 100 fatalities and over billions in damages
Hurricane Ian
69
Increased flooding amplified by climate change is expected to continue where
India
70
Warmer temperatures over large bodies of water can result in
more water in the atmosphere and increased precipitation
71
What area is 100 times more likely to experience drought
the Horn of Africa
72
What area is more likely to experience hear as a result of climate change
the Western Mediterranean
73
An absolute necessity and essential to food production
Water
74
What is the first important insight related to health risks associated with climate change
Certain groups have higher susceptibility to climate-sensitive health impacts
75
What is the second important insight related to health risks associated with climate change
Many infectious diseases, including water-borne ones, are highly sensitive to climate conditions
76
What is the third important insight related to health risks associated with climate change
Climate change lengthens the transmissions season and expands the geographical range of many diseases
77
What is the fourth important insight related to health risks associated with climate change
Climate change will bring new and emerging health issues, including heatwaves and other extreme events
78
What is the fifth important insight related to health risks associated with climate change
Malnutrition and undernutrition influenced by floods and drought
79
In the U.S., climatic conditions have been a facet of the decision to
stop insuring property in regions susceptible to fire or flood
80
Immigration caused by what has been a source of political conflict
war and other factors

Soc Sci Section 3 24-25 (7 decks)

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