social

Question 1

role theory

Answer 1

people are aware of the social roles they are expected to fill and much of their bx can be attributed to adopting those roles

Question 2

consistency theories

Answer 2

people prefer consistency and will change or resist changing attitudes based on this preference

Question 3

Fritz Heiders balance theory

Answer 3

consistency theory; balanced in a triad; balance is when there is one or 3 positives

Question 4

cognitive dissonance theory

Answer 4

leon festinare
conflict you feel when your attitudes are not in synch with your bx
-if person pressured to say or do something contrary to attitude there is a tendency to change the attitude
- greater the pressure to comply the less the persons attitude will change

Question 5

self perception theory

Answer 5

Bem
when attitudes are weak or ambiguous will observe own bx and attribute attitude to yourself
brown bread example

Question 6

over justification effect

Answer 6

reward someone for doing something they like and they will stop doing it

Question 7

Carl Hovland

Answer 7

persuasion through communication
communicator, commutation and situation
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Question 8

petty and cacioppo

Answer 8

elaboration likelihood model of persuasion

Question 9

elaboration likelihood model of persuasion

Answer 9

2 routes to persuasion
central and peripheral
peripheral route - emotions
central - cognitions, beliefs, facts, values

Question 10

analogy of inoculation

Answer 10

william mcquire

cultural truisms

Question 11

social comparison theory

Answer 11

leon festinger
we are drawn to affiliate because of a tendency to evaluate ourselves in relationship to other people
- we make self evaluations based on others

Question 12

gain loss principle

Answer 12

aronson and linder

an evaluation that changes will have more weight than one that remains constant

Question 13

reciprocity hypothesis

Answer 13

we like people who say like us

Question 14

social exchange theory

Answer 14

weighs rewards and costs of interacting with others

Question 15

equity theory

Answer 15

consider our own costs and rewards and the costs and rewards of other person

Question 16

bystander effect

Answer 16

social influence and diffusion of responsibility

Darley and Letane

Question 17

Batsons empathy altruism model

Answer 17

people feel distress or empathy in helping situations

Question 18

attribution theory

Answer 18

infer causes of others behavior

Question 19

fundamental attribution error

Answer 19

tendency to look for personal flaws (dispositional) rather than situational

Question 20

halo effect

Answer 20

general impression about a person to influence other more specific evaluations of a person

Question 21

belief in just world

Answer 21

victim blaming

m.j. lerner

Question 22

value hypothesis

Answer 22

group decision making

risky shift occurs in cultures where riskiness is culturally valued

Question 23

Correspondent inference theory

Answer 23

When we are making attributions about other people, we compare their actions with alternative actions,

Question 24

distraction conflict

Answer 24

linked with zajoncs social facilitation theory

Question 25

false consensus effect

Answer 25

when people overestimate the extent their belief or habits are normal or typical

Question 26

self-serving bias

Answer 26

people’s tendency to attribute positive events to their own character but attribute negative events to external factors

Question 27

self handicapping

Answer 27

cognitive strategy by which people avoid effort in the hopes of keeping potential failure from hurting self-esteem.

Question 28

The actor-observer bias

Answer 28

tendency to attribute one’s own actions to external causes, while attributing other people’s behaviors to internal cause

Question 29

selective avoidance

Answer 29

To screen out contradictory information. Such avoidance increases resistance to persuasion. People tune out, channel surf or turn off the tv when something against their attitude is on. But also , when interested, they give their full attention.

Question 30

interdependence theory of social relationships

Answer 30

relationships characterized by levels of rewards and costs

Question 31

reciprocal determinism

Answer 31

Bandura
model composed of three factors that influence behavior: the environment, the individual, and the behavior itself. individual’s behavior influences and is influenced by both the social world and personal characteristics.