Social and Economic Changes in the Gilded Ages Flashcards
(49 cards)
-new medium using magazines; branding
Advertising in the Gilded Age
a Scottish immigrant who starts in railroad buisness; grows wealthy so branches into steel, oil, and telegraph; vertical integration; Carnegie Steel dominates by the end of the century; pamphlet called Gospel of Wealth talks about charity
Andrew Carnegie
got Comstock’s Law passed; special agent for post office and can prosecute those who offend through mail; believes large cities endanger children; for the next 85 years, they can censor the mail; if anything indecent comes through they refuse to send it on and destroy it
Anthony Comstock
created the first practical telephone
Alexander Graham Bell
speech made by Booker T. Washington
Atlanta Compromise
also known as Great Railroad Strike; 1877; go on strike in Martinsburg, West Virginia; quickly spread; government reaction was 10 governors tell workers to go back to work, federal troops sent to cities but only made workers more resistant
B&O Railroad Strike
Henry Bessemer made this process of mass producing steel; he got to the patent office before William Kelly
Bessemer Process
former slave; founded Normal and Industrial School in Tuskegee Alabama; Atlanta Compromise; assisted by George Washington Carver
Booker T. Washington
came up with natural selection and the theory of evolution
Charles Darwin
had one of the first serial killers; major in number of cities to showcase technological and cultural triumphs; biggest world fair in 1893 was commemorative discovery of new world
Chicago’s World’s Fair
Macy, Wanamaker, and Field; always have best products on market with mass production and reasonable price; free delivery and unconditional returns; women treated very nicely as they are major customer
Department store
becomes a travelling preacher; founds Moody Bible Institute in 1899
Dwight L. Moody
used for holding immigrants until they could processed into country
Ellis Island and Angel Island
is into chemicals and explosives; one of the first industrial chemical labs in US; got start in gunpowder
Eugene Du Pont
designed city parks so there would be green in the cities; designed Central Park and the Emerald Necklace in Boston
Fredrick Law Olmstead
designed and built railroad cars for various people; he was known for luxury sleeping cars for the wealthy; in 1881 he builds one of the first company towns where all his workers live; there was no self government or newspaper, you couldn’t speak against the company or risk eviction
George Pullman
invents the airbrake to make it safer to stop trains; got into heated confrontation with Edison over electricity over direct or alternating current; he believes alternating current, which is the current usage; known as war of current and got quite nasty; Edison hired people to show direct current was too dangerous; states adopt alternating current with electric chair; has Tesla work for him
George Westinghouse
Mark Twain coined term
Gilded Age
written by Andrew Carnegie to talk about charity
Gospel of Wealth
joins Carnegie in steel business and runs day to day; in 1892 a strike happens at Homestead mill; won’t negotiate with leaders and the mill is shut down; Frick reopened it by force and hires Pinkerton Detective Agency to protect the strike breakers; ends in same year
Herny Clay Frick
wrote Progress and Poverty; wants windfall profit
Henry George
1892 a strike happens at mill run by Henry Frick; Frick won’t negotiate with leaders and the mill is shut down; Frick reopened it by force and hires Pinkerton Detective Agency to protect the strike breakers; ends in same year
Homestead Strike
a strategy where a company creates or acquires production units for outputs which are alike
Horizontal integration
is a banker; in 1891 he formed General Electric and created US steel in 1901; JP Morgan Jr inherited his money
J.P. Morgan
