Social Discontent and Rebellion Flashcards
(16 cards)
Why did the Yorkshire Rebellion occur?
The Yorkshire Rebellion occurred in 1489 due to popular dissatisfaction with a tax extended to raise £100,00 in extraordinary revenue for military expenditures in Brittany. Unrest was exacerbated by poor harvest and the exemption of other Northern counties from the tax.
How was the Yorkshire Rebellion a threat?
Yorkshire was close to Scotland, who could potentially ally with the North to overthrow Henry. Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, was murdered on 28 April 1489 following his failure to abolish the tax, and the rebels captured the city of York. The rebels obtained a royal pardon and no further taxes were collected.
Why didn’t the Yorkshire Rebellion pose a threat?
It was easily suppressed by Thomas Howard on 20 May 1489. Howard was loyal to the King, unlike Henry Percy, as his social advancement rested with the King, and he lacked Yorkist connections due to his previous position in Surrey. On 24 May, Henry pardoned many of the rebels to weaken their resolve to oppose him. He implemented the Council of the North to resolve disputes before escalation.
Why did the Cornish Rebellion occur?
It occurred following high taxes imposed on the Cornish to wage war in Scotland against Perkin Warbeck. Tensions in Cornwall and the Crown had been intensifying since Henry VII’s suspension of the privileges of the Stannaries in 1496, stripping Cornwall of its quasi-autonomous status.
How did the Cornish Rebellion pose a threat?
It posed a threat due to the sheer numbers- 15,000- involved. The rebels marched on London, and were only halted at Blackheath. To suppress the rebellion, Henry had to withdraw Lord Daubeney and his troops from defending the Scottish border, leaving this vulnerable to Warbeck, who exploited the unrest.
Why didn’t the Cornish Rebellion pose a threat?
The Rebellion only received backing from a minor noble, Baron Audley, and acquired no foreign patronage. The rebels were poorly equipped in comparison to the royal army, and 1000 were killed. The Cornish Rebellion was not an attempt to overthrow the King: it was a protest against his economic policies.
How many Earls did Henry create in comparison to Edward IV’s nine?
1
How many barons did Henry create in comparison to Edward IV’s thirteen?
5
When did Henry restrict retaining, and who was fined?
In 1487 and 1507, Henry issued legislation against retaining. In 1507 Lord Burgavenny was fined £70,000 for illegally retaining 471 men. In. 1486 peers and MPs were required to take an oath against illegal retaining.
The peerage and the gentry possessed what percentage of England’s land jointly?
15-20%
What was England’s population at the beginning of the 15th Century?
2.2 million, and 90% of these resided in the countryside and farmed.
What was the population of London?
London’s population exceeded 50,000, yet less than 20 towns occupied 3,000 citizens. Regarding provincial towns, only Norwich’s population exceeded 10,000, with Bristol, York, and Coventry having populations between 8,000 and 10,000.
What percentage of land was enclosed during Henry’s reign?
3%
The cloth trade was responsible for what percentage of English exports?
90%
There was an increase of what percentage in the volume of cloth exports during Henry’s reign?
60%
Which towns prospered, and which suffered?
Cloth towns, such as Lavenham and Lewes, prospered. Numerous historic cities, such as Winchester and Lincoln, suffered.
